NCD, Infectious Bronchitis

Question 1

An acute rapidly spreading respiratory disease characterized by harsh breathing, coughing, sneezing, and often followed by nervous manifestation.

Answer 1

Newcastle Disease

Question 2

Which animals are most affected by NCD?

Answer 2

Chicken and turkeys

Question 3

Name the domestic poultry least susceptible to NCD

Answer 3

Waterfowl

Question 4

Give the morbidity and mortality of NCD.

Answer 4

Morbidity - 100%
Mortality - 50% (up to 90% in young birds)

Question 5

Countries endemic of virulent newcastle disease strains

Answer 5

Most of Asia, Africa, Mexico and some countries of South America

Question 6

Which countries are NCD-free?

Answer 6

US, Canada

Question 7

Newcastle disease is caused by virulent strains of?

Answer 7

avian paramyxovirus type 1 (APMV-1)

Question 8

Newcastle disease is primarily characterized as a(n):

a) Chronic bacterial infection.
b) Acute rapidly spreading respiratory disease.

Answer 8

Acute rapidly spreading respiratory disease

Question 9

The causative agent of Newcastle disease is a virulent strain of:

Answer 9

Avian paramyxovirus type 1 (APMV-1)

Question 10

Virulent Newcastle disease viruses (vNDVs) were previously classified as?

Answer 10

Velogens and mesogens

Question 11

What is the most common route of Newcastle disease transmission?

Answer 11

Direct contact with infected birds

Question 12

A characteristic digestive sign that may be observed in birds with Newcastle disease

Answer 12

Greenish, watery diarrhea

Question 13

A common post-mortem lesion often seen in birds infected with Newcastle disease

Answer 13

Proventricular hemorrhages

Question 14

A key strategy for preventing Newcastle disease in poultry flocks is

Answer 14

Vaccination with live, attenuated vaccine

Question 15

T/F. Chickens and turkeys are generally more susceptible to Newcastle disease than waterfowl.

Answer 15

True

Question 16

T/F. Morbidity rates in Newcastle disease outbreaks can reach up to 50%.

Answer 16

False

Question 17

What is the mortality percentage of NCD?

Answer 17

50% (90% in young birds)

Question 18

What is the morbidity percentage of NCD?

Answer 18

100%

Question 19

T/F. Lentogenic strains of Newcastle disease virus are highly virulent and cause reportable infections.

Answer 19

False

Question 20

T/F. Airborne transmission is not a significant route for the spread of Newcastle disease.

Answer 20

False

Question 21

2 most important control of NCD in poultry farms

Answer 21

Vaccination
Early Detection

Question 22

Poultry flock affected with _____ may show high mortality, acute onset with various respiratory and gastrointestinal lesions.

Answer 22

Newcastle Disease

Question 23

What are the other signs of NCD in poultry?

Answer 23

1. Sudden death
2. Decreased activity
3. Ruffled feathers
4. Drop in egg production in laying birds

Question 24

Name carriers of NDV

Answer 24

1. Free-living birds
2. Imported exotic psittacine birds

Question 25

What is the incubation period of NDV?

Answer 25

4-6 days

Question 26

Clinical signs of NDV may appear as early as _____ days and as late as _____ days postinfection.

Answer 26

2, 15

Question 27

Which strain of NDV is low virulence widely used as live vaccines?

Answer 27

Lentogens

Question 28

A highly contagious respiratory disease of chickens characterized by rapid spread, respiratory signs without nervous system involvement.

Answer 28

Infectious bronchitis (IB)

Question 29

This viral disease causes reduced egg production with potential kidney damage affecting chickens of all ages.

Answer 29

Infectious bronchitis (IB)

Question 30

What is the morbidity rate for flocks affected by infectious bronchitis?

Answer 30

100%

Question 31

Poultry subclinically infected with IBV

Answer 31

Pheasants Peafowl

Question 32

Naturally IBV infected chickens and those vaccinated with live IBV can shed virus intermittently for up to ______ after infection.

Answer 32

20 weeks

Question 33

How many days does IBV peak excretion from the respiratory tract lasts after infection?

Answer 33

3-5 days

Question 34

Incubation period of IBV

Answer 34

24-48 hours

Question 35

Common pathologic sign of IBV

Answer 35

Air sacculitis

Question 36

Which viral disease is associated with false layer syndrome or cystic oviduct?

Answer 36

Infectious bronchitis

Question 37

The complexity of controlling Infectious Bronchitis is significantly increased by the fact that?

Answer 37

Different antigenic types of IBV fail to provide cross-protection, necessitating region-specific vaccination strategies.

Question 38

While cloudy air sacculitis is a common pathologic sign in Infectious Bronchitis, its presence is NOT solely indicative of IBV infection because?

Answer 38

Air sacculitis can be a secondary complication of other respiratory pathogens

Question 39

The "false layer syndrome" associated with certain IBV strains is characterized by?

Answer 39

Failure of pullets to reach sexual maturity and initiate egg production due to oviduct damage

Question 40

True or False. Infectious Bronchitis Virus has a broad host range, causing significant respiratory disease in various avian species beyond chickens.

Answer 40

False

Question 41

True or False. Chickens that recover from infection with one antigenic type of IBV are typically fully protected against subsequent infection with a different antigenic type.

Answer 41

False

Question 42

True or False. The presence of excessive mucus in the trachea is a pathognomonic (uniquely diagnostic) lesion for Infectious Bronchitis.

Answer 42

False

Question 43

True or False. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) can be used to both detect and type the Infectious Bronchitis Virus.

Answer 43

True

Question 44

True or False. Killed (inactivated) IBV vaccines provide a broader spectrum of protection against different IBV types compared to live vaccines.

Answer 44

False

Question 45

True or False. The "false layer syndrome" is a direct result of the respiratory distress caused by Infectious Bronchitis in young pullets.

Answer 45

False