ND FINAL

Question 1

Which notable eruption is known to have caused the loudest noise in history?

Answer 1

Tonga 2022, previously Krakatau

Question 2

The Lake Nyos volcanic site is located at what type of geologic setting?

Answer 2

A developing divergent plate boundary in Africa

Question 3

The most violent eruptions of Kilauea over the past 15,000 years have been estimated to have been VEI…

Answer 3

4

Question 4

Most of the eruptions of Kilauea over the past 15,000 years were VEI…

Answer 4

0

Question 5

What was the composition of the VOG(volcanic smog) intermittently emitted by the 1983-2018 eruption of Kileau

Answer 5

sulfur dioxide

Question 6

Hawaii does not have alot of heavy industry but Sulfur dioxide can create…

Answer 6

air pollution

Question 7

Based on the type of eruption conduit and the type of lava being erupted, the 1983-2018 eruption of Kilauea was a ____ eruption

Answer 7

Vesuvian style, specifically basalt lava from the southeastern vent on the side of Kilauea

Question 8

The most recent eruptions of Kilauea are classified as _____ on the basis of the type of eruption conduit and the type of lava being erupted

Answer 8

Hawaiian-style eruption, specifically basalt from the central Halemaumau crater at the summit

Question 9

What type of lava flow forms lava tubes

Answer 9

Pahoehoe basalt lava flows

Question 10

The 1991 eruption of Mount Pinatubo in the Phillipines helped bring about the closing of a_____ military base

Answer 10

Russian Federation

Question 11

Your instructor said the VEI 5 to VEI 6 2022 subsea volcanic eruption near Tonga in the southern pacific ocean was most likely one notable eruptions

Answer 11

Mount Katmai

Question 12

The 2022 Seafloor eruption near Tonga seems to be far closer to _____ than any other eruption, in terms of volume of erupted material

Answer 12

Mount Katmai

Question 13

What natural disaster will you most likely experience in your lifetime>

Answer 13

severe weather

Question 14

this natural disaster you are least likely to experience in a lifetime but could have the most severe consequences

Answer 14

Asteroid and Comet impact

Question 15

What categories of Near Earth Objects pose a potential threat of impact on earth because their orbits around the Sun crosses the Earth’s orbit around the sun?

Answer 15

Apollos, Atens

Question 16

Atrias

Answer 16

NOT Earth crossing, orbits interior to Earth

Question 17

Atens and Apollos

Answer 17

EARTH CROSSING,

Question 18

Amors

Answer 18

NOT Earth crossing, orbits exterior to Earth

Question 19

Most near Earth objects come from

Answer 19

Interstellar space, because the main asteroid belt is close to Earth than other choices

Question 20

Unmanned spacecraft have now returned to Earth samples of what

Answer 20

Apophis

Question 21

____ is a near Earth object that was recently the target of an engineering experiment that actually changed the course of the object through space

Answer 21

Dimorphos

Question 22

_____ is currently the Near Earth Object given the greatest chance of impacting the Earth

Answer 22

1950 DA

Question 23

The Main Belt Asteroid most recently visited by and unmanned spacecraft is ____

Answer 23

dinkinesh

Question 24

LUCY SPACECRAFT

Answer 24

flew by dinkinesh on its way to a multi-year mission to the Trojan asteroids near Jupiter

Question 25

This famous Kupier Belt Object is going to reach its aphelion, before heading back to the inner solar system

Answer 25

Halleys Comet

Question 26

aphelion

Answer 26

the farthest point in its orbit around the sun

Question 27

The most recent perihelion by Halleys Comet and its next

Answer 27

1986, 2061

Question 28

perihelion

Answer 28

closest approach to the sun

Question 29

Most of the mass of earths atmosphere and most of its weather happens in the lowest layer of the atmosphere which is called the _____

Answer 29

The troposphere

Question 30

This layer of the atomsophere blocks much of the harmful ultraviolet radiation from the Sun that would otherwise reach the surface of the Earth

Answer 30

The ozone layer

Question 31

The ____ is in the upper atmosphere and consists of charged atoms of atmospheric gases formed by the Sun's radiant energy. It is where the aurora happens and it refelcts certain frequencies of radio waves such as shortwave and the AM radio brand back to enable broadcasts using those frequencies to be recieved over the horizon from the broadcasting station.

Answer 31

The lonosphere

Question 32

Where does airglow happen?

Answer 32

the lonosphere

Question 33

what is airglow

Answer 33

is the light of excited atoms high in Earth’s atmosphere

Question 34

_____ provides the energy that drives Earth's weather

Answer 34

The radiant energy of the Sun

Question 35

What makes the Earth an open system?

Answer 35

The fact that the energy that powers Earths weather comes from outside the weather system

Question 36

What components of the Earth's atmosphere is increasing in abundance due to human activity and is trapping more and more infa red heat radiant energy in the atmosphere

Answer 36

Carbon Dioxide

Question 37

What is a green house gas?

Answer 37

Carbon Dioxide

Question 38

The heat released or absorbed by this atmospheric gas primarilu when it changes phase from gas to liquid or from liquid to gas is the pirmary means of trasferring energy from one point to another with EArths climate system

Answer 38

Water Vapor

Question 39

What is water vapor also called

Answer 39

The latent heat of water

Question 40

What is the fastest rotating part of the Earth?

Answer 40

The equator

Question 41

What is the dew point?

Answer 41

The temperature at which water vapor condenses into droplets of liquid water(rain)

Question 42

The amount of water vapor that a parcel or volume of air contains compared to the maximum amount of water vapor that parcel or volume of air could contain at the temperature is called _____

Answer 42

Relative humidity

Question 43

What is absolute humidity?

Answer 43

the actual amount of water vapor in a volume of air

Question 44

The warmer a volume or parcel of air is, the _____ water vapor that it can contain

Answer 44

more, this is why rising air precipitates out rain as it rises and cools

Question 45

The _____ described what happens when two tropical cyclones collide and merge

Answer 45

Fujiwhara effect

Question 46

Most of the top ten tropical storm years have happened in ____

Answer 46

The 21st century, an indication of warming ocean surface temperatures

Question 47

What tropical cyclone currently holds the record as being the geographically smallest on record?

Answer 47

Cyclone Tracy

Question 48

What is the largest tropical cyclone on record?

Answer 48

Super Typhoon

Question 49

What tropical cyclone holds the record for being the geographically largest in the ATLANTIC BASIN?

Answer 49

Hurricane Sandy

Question 50

Hail cores form in the _____ of supercell thunderstorms

Answer 50

in the middle

Question 51

____ is the tornado responsible for killing the most people and may have had the longest ground track of any tornado in US history

Answer 51

The Tri-State Tornado of 1925

Question 52

____ is the fourth costliest tornado in the United States in terms of damage, even when adjusted for inflation

Answer 52

Topkea Kansas, 1966

Question 53

_____ is the costliest US tornado to date in terms of damage

Answer 53

Joplin Missouri

Question 54

Which of the following tornadoes was described by your instructor as being part of a tornado superoutbreak from the same storm system in 24 hours

Answer 54

Xenia, Ohio AND JOPLIN MISS

Question 55

Superoutbreak

Answer 55

99 or more tornadoes from the same storm system in 24 hours

Question 56

Can asteroids and comets have rings and moons?

Answer 56

YES

Question 57

Have asteroids and comets from interstellar space been observed traveling through our solar system?

Answer 57

Yes

Question 58

The amount of water vapor that a volume or parcel of air contains is called its

Answer 58

absolute humidity

Question 59

Mid latitude cyclones and tropical cyclones are both areas of?

Answer 59

Low atmospheric pressure

Question 60

Activity in New York City was brought to a halt for three days in 1888 by a?

Answer 60

BLIZZARD

Question 61

In 1360 the English conquest of France was haulted by a ?

Answer 61

HAILSTORM

Question 62

The volume of air contains 2% water vapor but could contain as much as 4% water vapor at that temperature, what is the relative humidity?

Answer 62

50%

Question 63

what is relative humidity?

Answer 63

the ACTUAL humidity divided by the maximum humidity that volume of air could contain at that temperature

Question 64

Most of the world uses the _____ as its temperature scale for weather reports

Answer 64

The Celsius scale

Question 65

Explain the history behind the Celsius scale

Answer 65

-named after the scientist who invented it -formerly called Centigrade Scale because it divided the range between he boiling point and freezing point into 100 degrees

Question 66

What is meant by lapse rate?

Answer 66

The rate of cooling air as it rises into the atmosphere

Question 67

what is the environmental lapse rate?

Answer 67

The rate at which the atmopshere in general cools with altitude

Question 68

What is adiabatic lapse rate

Answer 68

the rate at which a rising volume or parcel of air cools as it rises

Question 69

What is an isobar?

Answer 69

A line on a weather map that connect points of equal pressure

Question 70

Storm systems tend to move from West to East across Kansas because we are in the zone of the northern hemisphere called the ____

Answer 70

The prevailing westerlies

Question 71

Where would you not expect a tropical cyclone to form?

Answer 71

Along the equator

Question 72

Wind velocity is the highest in what part of a tropical cyclone?

Answer 72

Along the eyewall

Question 73

Where in a tropical cyclone is it calm and clear?

Answer 73

The eye

Question 74

Over time, both the energy and the number of tropical cyclones have___

Answer 74

increased, storms run on heat energy, the heat energy of the surface of the ocean has been increasing