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AS II - Test 3 > Neck Region > Flashcards

Neck Region Flashcards

(66 cards)

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1
Q

in cervical region, how many vertebrae/spinal nerves?

A

7 cervical veertebrae, 8 cervical spinal nerves

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2
Q

which cervical vertebrae are typical?

A

C3-C6

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3
Q

which cervical vertebrae are atypical?

A

C7, C1, C2

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4
Q

vertebra prominens

A

C7

  • long spinous process
  • not bifid
  • smallest transverse foramina
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5
Q

which vertebrae is called the atlas/ what are it’s features

A
  • C1
  • lacks body
  • lacks spinous process
  • forms atlanto-occipital joint
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6
Q

which vertebrae is called the axis/ what are it’s features

A
  • C2
  • forms atlantoaxial joint with C1
  • 3 articulations with atlas (R and L lateral, median)
  • has body, bifid, dens (odontoid process
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7
Q

where is alar ligament

A

side of dens on C2 to foramen magnum

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8
Q

where is cruciate ligament?

A

between C1 and C2, formed by transverse ligament and its superior/inferior extensions

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9
Q

what vertebral level is that hyoid bone at?

A

C3

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10
Q

how many cartilages make up laryngeal cartilages?

A

9 (3 single, 3 pairs)

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11
Q

what is blood supply to thyroid gland

A

superior thyroid artery (off of external carotid)

inferior thyroid artery (largest branch of thyrocervical trunk)

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12
Q

innervation of SCM

A

motor: accessory nerve (CN XI)
sensory: C2 and C3

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13
Q

attachments of trapezius

A

skull, scapula, clavicle

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14
Q

innervation of trapezius

A

Motor: CN XI

Sensory: C2 and C3

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15
Q

innervation of anterior scalene

A

C4-C6

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16
Q

action of anterior scalene

A

flex neck and elevate first rib

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17
Q

innervation of middle scalene

A

ventral rami cervical nerves

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18
Q

action of middle scalene

A

flex neck laterally and elevate first rib

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19
Q

attachment of scalene muscles

A

transverse processes of C4-C6 >> first rib (anterior scalenes)/second rib (posterior scalenes)

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20
Q

innervation of posterior scalenes

A

ventral rami of C6 and C7

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21
Q

action of posterior scalenes

A

lateral flexion, elevate second rib

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22
Q

phrenic nerve descends on what muscle

A

anterior scalene

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23
Q

4 infrahyoid muscles

A

AKA strap muscles

omohyoid, sternohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid

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24
Q

innervation of omohyoid

A

ansa cervicalis (C1-C3)

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25
sternohyoid innervation
ansa cervicalis (C1-C3)
26
sternothyroid innervation
branch of ansa cervicalis (C1-C3)
27
innervation of thyrohyoid
C1 via hypoglassal nerve
28
action of strap muscles
* depress hyoid during swallowing and speaking (all 4) * elevates larynx (thyrohyoid)
29
list the suprahyoid muscles
1. mylohyoid 2. geniohyoid 3. digastric 4. stylohyoid
30
attachments of mylohyoid
mylohyoid line of mandible \>\> hyoid bone
31
innervation of mylohyoid
nerve to the mylohyoid (CNV3)
32
what is the relation between the geniohyoid and the mylohyoid?
geniohyoid is deep to mylohyoid
33
attachments of geniohyoid
mental spine of mandible \>\> hyoid
34
innervation of geniohyoid
C1 via hypoglossal nerve
35
innervation of digastric muscle
* Anterior belly: nerve to mylohyoid (V3) * Posterior belly: facial nerve (cranial nerve VII)
36
where do two bellies of digastric muscle meet?
meet at intermediate tendon to attach to hyoid
37
stylohyoid innervation
facial nerve (CN VII)
38
action of stylohyoid
support to floor of mouth, elevate hyoid and larynx
39
cervical plexus formed by which cervical nerves?
anterior rami of C1-C4
40
list cutaneous branches of cervical plexus and what spinal nerves they originate from
1. lesser occipital nerve (from C2) 2. great auricular nerve (C2-C3) 3. transverse cervical (C2-C3) 4. supraclavicular (C3-C4)
41
where does lesser occipital nerve supply?
skin of neck and scalp behind ear
42
where does great auricular nerve supply
* skin over parotid gland * sheath of parotid gland * skin of auricle
43
where does transverse cervicle supply?
skin of anterior neck region
44
where does supraclavicular supply?
skin across clavicles and shoulder to second rib
45
A) transverse cervical nerve B) lesser occipital nerve C) great auricular nerve D) supraclavicular nerve
46
where does CN XII exit the skull?
hypoglossal canal
47
what supplies motor innervation to muscles of the tongue?
Hypoglossal supplies motor innervation to the tongue except for palatoglossus
48
hypoglossal nerve passes between _____ artery and \_\_\_\_\_\_
between carotid artery and jugular vessels
49
two roots of spinal accessory nerve and where do they meet
spinal root: cell bodies in anterior horn of upper cervical segments Cranial root: part of cranial nerve X unite at jugular foramen then separate
50
what does acessory nerve innervate?
motor (and sensory from C2/C3) to SCM and trapezius
51
two lymph trunks and what they drain
1. R lymphatic trunk: drains upper right quadrant 2. Thoracic duct: drains remainder of body
52
where do 2 lymph ducts enter veinous system?
subclavian vein @ jxn of IJV
53
What drains lymph from head and neck
R and L jugular trunks
54
what drains lymph from upper extremities
R and L subclavian trunks
55
what lymph nodes drain pharynx and thyroid gland? Where do these then drain into?
paratracheal, retropharyngeal, infrahyoid all drain into deep cervical nodes
56
5 superficial lymph nodes of face and what they drain
1. Occipital: drain posterior scalp and neck 2. Mastoid: drain posterolateral half of scalp 3. Preauricular and parotid: drain anteriolateral scalp, upper half of face 4. Submandibular: drains anterior face, gingiva, teeth, tongue 5. Submental: drains lower lip, chin, floor of mouth, tip of tongue and lower incisors
57
where are superficial cervical nodes found?
along external jugular vein (along surface of SCM)
58
two groups of deep cervical nodes
1. jugulodigastric node (superior at level of posterior digastric) 2. jugulo-omohyoid node (inferior to tendon of omohyoid muscle)
59
palatine tonsil drains into
jugulodigastric nodes
60
4 paths of lymph drainage of the tongue
1. from root of tongue to superior deep cervical nodes (jugulodigastric) 2. from medial body drains to inferior deep cervical nodes (juguloomohyoid) 3. from R and L lateral parts of body drain into submandibular nodes then inferior deep cervical nodes (juguloomohyoid) 4. from tip of tongue and frenulum drain into submental nodes then inferior deep cervical nodes (juguloomohyoid)
61
contents of posterior triangle
1. acessory nerve 2. cervical plexus 3. brachial plexus 4. external jugular vein 5. subclavian artery/vein 6. suprascapular artery 7. cervical lymph nodes
62
contents of muscular triangle
1. infrahyoid muscles 2. thyroid gland 3. parathyroid gland
63
contents of carotid triangle
1. carotid sheath 2. hypoglossal nerve 3. accessary nerve 4. ansa cervicalis 5. deep cervical lymph nodes
64
contents of submandibular triangle
1. submandibualar gland 2. hypoglossal nerve 3. submandibular lymph nodes 4. nerve to mylohyoid 5. facial artery and vein
65
contents of submental triangle
submental lymph noes and veins
66

AS II - Test 3 (7 decks)

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