Neck Swellings Flashcards
(41 cards)
What are lumps in the neck primarily characterized as?
Majority are benign in nature
What does a solid lump in the anterior triangle of the neck that does not move with swallowing suggest?
Lymph gland or carotid body tumor
What are the characteristics of a cystic lump in the anterior triangle of the neck?
Cold abscess or branchial cyst
What is indicated by a midline lump in the neck that moves with protrusion of the tongue?
Thyroglossal cyst
What does a pulsatile lump in the neck indicate?
Subclavian aneurysm
What are common causes of midline neck swellings?
- Ludwig’s Angina
- Submental lymphadenitis
- Submental dermoid cyst
What is the clinical presentation of Ludwig’s Angina?
Cellulitis beneath the deep cervical fascia, can be fatal
How is a submental lymphadenitis characterized?
Firm, rubbery or hard, can be associated with other lymph node enlargement
What is a thyroglossal cyst?
Painless, smooth, cystic swelling, usually appears in early adulthood
What characterizes goiters and isthmic thyroid nodules?
Characteristically moves up and down with deglutition
What should be considered for any swelling in the parotid region?
It should be considered parotid swelling until proved otherwise
What defines a branchial cyst?
Cystic swelling of upper third of the neck, deep to upper third of sternomastoid
What is a pulsatile swelling in the carotid triangle indicative of?
Carotid artery aneurysm
What distinguishes a laryngocele?
Compressible and resonant mass, more prominent with Valsalva maneuver
Where does the pharyngeal pouch appear?
Appears behind the sternomastoid below the level of the thyroid cartilage
What is a cystic hygroma?
Big, partially compressible, soft, brilliantly translucent swelling
What are the features of acute bacterial lymphadenitis?
Clinically painful, red, hot, tender swelling
What characterizes chronic simple lymphadenitis?
Chronic pyogenic lymphadenitis or chronic reactive hyperplasia
What is a common cause of acute non-specific viral lymphadenitis?
Infectious mononucleosis (glandular fever)
What are the types of lymphomas?
- Hodgkin’s lymphoma
- Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma
- Burkitt’s lymphoma
What are the stages of Hodgkin’s lymphoma?
- Stage I: One group of LNs
- Stage II: Two groups at one side of diaphragm
- Stage III: Disease above and below diaphragm
- Stage IV: Extranodal extrasplenic spread
What are common B symptoms associated with Hodgkin’s lymphoma?
- Weight loss
- Fever
- Night sweats
What are common treatments for Stage I & II Hodgkin’s lymphoma?
Radiotherapy (wide field)
What is the MOPP regimen for chemotherapy?
- Mechlorethamine
- Oncovine (Vincristine)
- Procarbazine
- Prednisone
