Necrosis

Question 1

Necrosis

Answer 1

Death of a substantial number of cells within or attached to the living body

Question 2

Pyknosis

Answer 2

Nuclear structure becomes dense, heavily stained, with smaller angular mass of chromatin.

Question 3

Karyorrhexis

Answer 3

Nucleus has broken up into several pieces

Question 4

Karyolysis

Answer 4

Nuclear staining with haematoxylin becomes faint and only the ghost outline of the nucleus remains

Question 5

Cytoplasm

Answer 5

Sometimes stains brighter pink (more eosinophilic)

Question 6

Three main causes of necrosis

Answer 6

Loss of blood supply, living agents, and non-living agents.

Question 7

Hypoxia

Answer 7

reduced oxygen supple

Question 8

Ischaemia

Answer 8

Loss of blood supply

Question 9

Infraction

Answer 9

Sudden loss of blood supply to a portion of a tissue or organ

Question 10

Parenchyma

Answer 10

Essential functioning cells

Question 11

Stroma

Answer 11

Connective tissue or supportive cells

Question 12

Three ways ischemia occurs

Answer 12

Compression, narrowing, blockage

Question 13

Atherosclerosis

Answer 13

Narrowing, thickening, and hardening of vessel lumen or wall. Rare in animals.

Question 14

Thrombus

Answer 14

Blood clot

Question 15

Embolism

Answer 15

Blood clot breaks off and getting lodged somewhere in the body.

Question 16

Examples of Ischaemia

Answer 16

Diamond Skin Disease and Ergot fungus

Question 17

Three Zones of Necrotic Lesions

Answer 17

Normal liver, zone of inflammation, central zone of necrosis

Question 18

Features of necrotic tissues

Answer 18

Color change and consistency

Question 19

Three main types of gross necrosis

Answer 19

Coagulative, liquefactive, caseous

Question 20

Fat necrosis

Answer 20

hard soap-like appearance of affected body fat

Question 21

Gangrene

Answer 21

Post necrotic change

Question 22

Coagulative Gross Necrosis

Answer 22

Retains the structure of the tissue but has a color change. Firm and dry

Question 23

Liquefactive Gross Necrosis Types

Answer 23

Malacia and abscesses

Question 24

Malacia

Answer 24

Thiamine deficiency in the CNS

Question 25

Abscess

Answer 25

Pyogenic spots produced by death of neutrophils

Question 26

Pyogenic

Answer 26

Pus producing

Question 27

Caseous Necrosis

Answer 27

Looks like cottage cheese. Complete loss of architecture cause by mycobacteria attacking macrophage

Question 28

Surface Necrosis Basement Membrane Intact

Answer 28

Epithelium regenerates via erosion

Question 29

Surface Necrosis Basement Membrane Breached

Answer 29

Repair by fibrosis via ulceration. Inflammatory response.

Question 30

Internal Necrosis

Answer 30

Repaired or contained by fibrous tissue

Question 31

Surface Necrosis

Answer 31

Can be shed

Question 32

Three types of fat necrosis

Answer 32

Enzymatic, traumatic, diet-related

Question 33

Two types of Gangrene

Answer 33

Wet and dry

Question 34

Wet Gangrene

Answer 34

Primary and secondary

Question 35

Primary Wet Gangrene

Answer 35

Agent which kills tissue also putrefies it

Question 36

Secondary Wet Gangrene

Answer 36

Dead tissue is putrefied by other organisms

Question 37

Dry Gangrene

Answer 37

Leathery mummification on extremities when air removes fluid on dead tissue