need assessment and precede modle

Question 1

serve as frames from which to build; Provide structure & organization for the planning process

Answer 1

Models

Question 2

Common elements, but different labels

Answer 2

Models

Question 3

No perfect model Can be used in entirety, parts, & combinations

ترجم

Answer 3

يقلك مافي نموذج كامل لكن انت خذ من النماذج الي تشوفها مناسبة وسوي تجميعه بينهم بحيث تطلع بنموذج مناسب لك

Question 4

Three Fs of program planning help with selecting the appropriate model:

Answer 4

 Fluidity - steps are sequential
 Flexibility - adapt to needs of stakeholders
 Functionality - useful in improving health conditions

Question 5

Model’s Categories:

Answer 5

 Practitioner driven
 Consumer-based

Question 6

is a community-oriented, participatory model for creating successful community health promotion interventions.

Answer 6

PRECEDE/PROCEED model

Question 7

Predisposing, Reinforcing, and Enabling Constructs in Educational Diagnosis and Evaluation

Answer 7

PRECEDE

Question 8

Policy, Regulatory, and Organizational Constructs in Educational and Environmental Development

Answer 8

PROCEED

Question 9

 Phase 1: Social diagnosis
 Phase 2: Epidemiological diagnosis
 Phase 3: Behavioral and environmental diagnosis
 Phase 4: Educational and organizational diagnosis
 Phase 5: Administrative and policy diagnosis

Answer 9

PRECEDE

Question 10

 Phase 6: Implementation
 Phase 7: Process evaluation
 Phase 8: Impact evaluation
 Phase 9: Outcome evaluation

حسب سلايدات الاولاد ممكن تختلف سلايدات البنات

Answer 10

PROCEED

Question 11

Since behavior change is by and large voluntary, health promotion is more likely to be effective if it’s:

Answer 11

participatory.

Question 12

Health and other issues must be looked at in the context of:

Answer 12

the community.

Question 13

Health and other issues are:

Answer 13

essentially quality-of-life issues

Question 14

is itself a constellation of factors that add up to a healthy life for individuals and communities.

Answer 14

Health

Question 15

Why use PRECEDE/PROCEED?

A logic model provides a…………………………. for constructing an intervention.

A logic model provides a framework for …………………..

Answer 15

procedural structure

critical analysis.

Question 16

PRECEDE/PROCEED is participatory, thus assuring community involvement.

صح ولا خطا

Answer 16

صح

Question 17

Community involvement leads to

Answer 17

community buy-in.

Question 18

PRECEDE/PROCEED incorporates a multi-level evaluation, which means you have the chance to constantly monitor and adjust your evaluation.

Answer 18

صح

Question 19

The model allows leeway to adapt the content and methods of the intervention to your particular needs and circumstances.

Answer 19

صح

Question 20

social diagnosis, you ask the community what it wants and needs to improve its quality of life.

Answer 20

Phase 1

Question 21

epidemiological diagnosis, you identify the health or other issues that most clearly influence the outcome the community seeks.

Answer 21

Phase 2

Question 22

social diagnosis

Answer 22

Phase 1

Question 23

epidemiological diagnosis

Answer 23

Phase 2

Question 24

In these two phases, you create the objectives for your intervention.

Answer 24

Phase 1 and Phase 2

Question 25

behavioral and environmental diagnosis, you identify the behaviors and lifestyles and/or environmental factors that must be changed to affect the health or other issues identified in Phase 2, and determine which of them are most likely to be changeable.

Answer 25

Phase 3,

Question 26

educational and organizational diagnosis, you identify the predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors that act as supports for or barriers to changing the behaviors and environmental factors you identified in Phase 3.

Answer 26

Phase 4

Question 27

educational and organizational diagnosis

Answer 27

Phase 4

Question 28

behavioral and environmental diagnosis

Answer 28

Phase 3

Question 29

In these two phases, you plan the intervention.

Answer 29

Phase 3 and Phase 4

Question 30

administrative and policy diagnosis, you identify (and adjust where necessary) the internal administrative issues and internal and external policy issues that can affect the successful conduct of the intervention.

Answer 30

Phase 5

Question 31

administrative and policy diagnosis

Answer 31

Phase 5

Question 32

Those administrative and policy concerns include generating the funding and other resources for the intervention.

Answer 32

Phase 5

Question 33

implementation, you carry out the intervention

Answer 33

Phase 6

Question 34

process evaluation, you evaluate the process of the intervention – i.e., you determine whether the intervention is proceeding according to plan, and adjust accordingly.

Answer 34

Phase 7

Question 35

impact evaluation, you evaluate whether the intervention is having the intended impact on the behavioral and environmental factors it’s aimed at, and adjust accordingly.

Answer 35

Phase 8

Question 36

outcome evaluation, you evaluate whether the intervention’s effects are in turn producing the outcome(s) the community identified in Phase 1, and adjust accordingly.

Answer 36

Phase 9

Question 37

impact evaluation

Answer 37

Phase 8

Question 38

implementation

Answer 38

Phase 6

Question 39

process evaluation

Answer 39

Phase 7

Question 40

outcome evaluation

Answer 40

Phase 9

Question 41

Assessment means…

Answer 41

 Identify  Describe  Prioritize

Question 42

Phase 1 - seeks to subjectively define the

Answer 42

QOL (problems & priorities) of priority population

Question 43

seeks to subjectively define the QOL (problems & priorities) Of priority population

Answer 43

Phase 1

Question 44

Self-assessment of needs & aspirations

Answer 44

Phase 1

Question 45

study of the distribution & determinants of disease

Answer 45

Epidemiology

Question 46

Epidemiology - study of the distribution & determinants of disease

Answer 46

Phase 2

Question 47

What are the health problems associated with the desired QOL?

Answer 47

Phase 2 - Epidemiological Assessment

Question 48

Not all problems health related; If Phase 2 not applicable, skip and move on to Phase 3. صح ولا خطا ؟

Question 49

 Mortality  Morbidity  Disability  Fertility  Incidence rates  Prevalence rates

Answer 49

Epidemiological Data:

Question 50

Which problem has the greatest impact in terms of death, disease, days lost from work, rehabilitation costs, disability, family disorganization, and costs to communities and agencies for damage repair or loss and cost recovery?

Answer 50

Phase 2: Epidemiological Assessment Creating Priorities

Question 51

 Which problems are most changeable?  Which problem has the greater potential for an attractive yield in improved health status, economic savings and other benefits?

Answer 51

Phase 2: Epidemiological Assessment Creating Priorities

Question 52

 Are certain sub-populations such as teenagers, tourists, elderly, immigrants, at risk?  Which problem is not being addressed by other agencies in the community?  Is there a need being neglected?  Are any of the problems highly ranked as a regional or national priority?

Answer 52

Phase 2: Epidemiological Assessment Creating Priorities

Question 53

Focuses on behavioral and non-behavioral causes (personal and environmental factors) which seem to be linked to health problems defined in Phase 2

Answer 53

Phase 3: Behavioral Diagnosis

Question 54

Behavior of those who control resources or rewards المسؤولين عن صحة الافراد

Answer 54

 Community Leaders  Legislators  Parents  Teachers  Health Professionals

Question 55

 Genetic Predisposition  Age  Gender  Existing Disease  Workplace  Adequacy of Health Care Facilities

Answer 55

Environmental or Non- Behavioral Factors

Question 56

Determinants outside the person that can be modified to support behavior, health, or quality of life.

Answer 56

Environmental Factors

Question 57

Environmental Factors Include

Answer 57

 Physical  Social  Economic

Question 58

are the risk factors or risk conditions that the intervention will be tailored to affect.

Answer 58

Health and environmental factors identified

Question 59

 Each factor is rated in terms of its importance to the health problem  And rated in terms of its changeability

Answer 59

Decision Matrix

Question 60

If planners fail at this stage to become rigorous in identifying and ranking these factors and how they influence the outcomes sought, the whole planning process will collapse under its own weight.

Answer 60

Behavioral & Environmental Diagnosis

Question 61

Writing a behavioral objective that is: ???

Answer 61

SMART  S stands for specific  M stands for measurable  A stands for attainable  R stands for realstic  T stands for time bound Phase 3

Question 62

 How many will know, believe, or be able to do what by when?  How much of what resource will be available to whom by when?

Answer 62

behavioral objectives written

Question 63

Determining & prioritizing behavioral & environmental risk factors or conditions linked to the health problem Once identified, must be prioritized

Answer 63

Phase 3 - Behavioral & Environmental Assessment

Question 64

Identifies causal factors that must be changed to initiate and sustain the process of behavioral and environmental change identified in Phase 3

Answer 64

Phase 4: Educational & Organizational Diagnosis

Question 65

Predisposing Factors Reinforcing Factors Enabling Factors

Answer 65

Phase 4 Educational & Ecological Assessment

Question 66

Identifies & classifies factors that have potential to influence behavior or change the environment ايش يقصدوا ؟

Answer 66

Predisposing Factors Reinforcing Factors Enabling Factors

Question 67

antecedent; impact motivation; e.g., knowledge, attitudes , beliefs, values

Answer 67

Predisposing factors

Question 68

antecedent; barriers & vehicles; e.g., access, availability

Answer 68

Enabling factors

Question 69

subsequent; feedback & rewards; e.g., incentives, disincentives

Answer 69

Reinforcing factors

Question 70

 Knowledge  Attitudes  Values  Beliefs  Perceived Needs and Abilities

Answer 70

Predisposing Factors

Question 71

Environmental and Personal Resources that impact:  Accessibility, Availability and Affordability  Programs & Services  Skills  Money & Time  Facilities  Laws

Answer 71

Enabling Factors

Question 72

Positive or Negative Feedback From:  Peers  Family  Health Care Workers  Law Enforcement  The Media  Others

Answer 72

Reinforcing

Question 73

After identifying the three types of influencing factors, assess their relative importance and changeability

Answer 73

Phase 4: Educational & Ecological Assessment

Question 74

Then related learning and organizational objectives can be written, and state so that health promotion programs can focus where they will do the most good in facilitating development of or changes in behavior and environment

Answer 74

Phase 4: Educational & Ecological Assessment

Question 75

Theory is applied in this Phase

Answer 75

Phase 4: Educational & Ecological Assessment  Predisposing Individual Factors - Individual Theories  Enabling Factors – Interpersonal Level Theories  Reinforcing Factors – Community Level and Systems Theories حتى في المرحلة. الرابعة و السادسه نستخدم النظريات

Question 76

Determine if capabilities & resources are available to develop & implement program

Answer 76

Phase 5 - Administrative & Policy Assessment

Question 77

Close to the end of PRECEDE & moving toward PROCEED

Answer 77

Phase 5 - Administrative & Policy Assessment

Question 78

Focuses on administrative and organizational concerns which must be addressed prior to program implementation

Answer 78

Phase 5: Administrative and Policy Diagnosis

Question 79

Includes assessment of resources, budget development and allocation, development of implementation timetable, organization and coordination with others

Answer 79

Phase 5: Administrative and Policy Diagnosis

Question 80

 Analysis of policies, resources and circumstances prevailing organizational situations that could hinder or facilitate the development of the health program Policy Diagnosis

Answer 80

Phase 5: Administrative and Policy Diagnosis

Question 81

Assesses the compatibility of your program goals/objectives with those of the organization and its administration

Answer 81

Phase 5: Administrative and Policy Diagnosis

Question 82

Work in this phase is specific to the context of the program and the sponsoring organization(s) and requires political savvy as much as theoretical or empirical knowledge  Informed by theories, particularly community-level theories

Answer 82

Phase 5: Administrative and Policy Diagnosis

Question 83

 Assess limitations and constraints  Select the best combination of methods and strategies  Development of organizational and resource objectives follows

Answer 83

Phase 5: Administrative and Policy Diagnosis

Question 84

Implementation and Evaluation

Answer 84

PROCEED Model

Question 85

 The act of converting program objectives into actions through policy changes, regulation and organization (Green & Kreuter, 1991, p.432).

Answer 85

Phase 6: Implementation

Question 86

 Beginning of PROCEED  Selection of methods and strategies of the intervention, for example, education &/or other resources  Program begins

Answer 86

Phase 6 - Implementation

Question 87

Phases 7, 8, & 9 - Evaluation صح ولا خطا

Answer 87

صح

Question 88

measurements of implementation to control, assure, or improve the quality of the program

Answer 88

Process evaluation

Question 89

immediate observable effects of program

Answer 89

Impact evaluation

Question 90

long-term effects of the program

Answer 90

Outcome evaluation

Question 91

Phase 4: Educational & Ecological Assessment  ……………………………………. - Individual Theories  ……………………………….. – Interpersonal Level Theories  ………………………………… – Community Level and Systems Theories حتى في المرحلة. الرابعة و السادسه نستخدم النظريات

Answer 91

Phase 4: Educational & Ecological Assessment  Predisposing Individual Factors - Individual Theories  Enabling Factors – Interpersonal Level Theories  Reinforcing Factors – Community Level and Systems Theories حتى في المرحلة. الرابعة و السادسه نستخدم النظريات