Need to Know Flashcards
(115 cards)
1
Q
Sodium
A
136 - 145 mEq/L
2
Q
Potassium
A
3.5 - 5.0 mEq/L
3
Q
Calcium
A
9.0 - 10.5 mg/dL
4
Q
Magnesium
A
1.3 - 2.1 mg/dL
5
Q
Phosphorus
A
3.0 – 4.5 mg/dL
6
Q
BUN
A
10 - 20 mg/dL
7
Q
Creatinine
A
0.6 – 1.2 mg/dL males
0.5 – 1.1 mg/dL females
8
Q
Glucose
A
70 - 110 mg/dL
9
Q
HgbA1c
A
<6.5%
10
Q
WBC
A
5,000 - 10,000/mm
11
Q
RBC
A
Men 4.7 - 6.1 million/mm
Women 4.2 - 5.4 million/mm
12
Q
Hemoglobin
A
Men 14 - 18 g/100 mL
Women 12 - 16 g/100 mL
13
Q
Hematocrit
A
Men 42 - 52%
Women 37 - 47%
14
Q
Platelet
A
150,000 - 400,000/mm
15
Q
pH
A
7.35 - 7.45
16
Q
pC02
A
35 - 45 mm Hg
17
Q
p02
A
80 - 100 mmHg
18
Q
HCO3 (Bicarbonate)
A
21 - 26mmol/L
19
Q
Normal PT
A
11 - 12.5 sec
20
Q
Normal INR
A
0.7-1.8 (Therapeutic INR 2-3)
21
Q
Normal PTT
A
30 - 40 sec (Therapeutic PTT 1.5 – 2 x normal or control values)
22
Q
Digoxin: normal range, indications, action
A
0.5 - 2.0 ng/mL
Treat supraventricular tachycardia
Decrease conduction of electrical impulses
23
Q
Lithium
A
0.8 - 1.4 mEq/L
24
Q
Dilantin
A
10 - 20 mcg/mL
25
Theophylline
10 - 20 mcg/mL
26
Cholesterol
less than 200 mg/dl
27
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)
0 - 20 mm/h
28
Albumin
3.5 - 5 g/dl
29
Chloride
95 - 105 mmol/L
30
AST
less than 40 IU/L
31
ALT
less than 60 IU/L
32
Urine Output
800 - 2000 ml/day
33
Urine Specific Gravity
1.010 - 1.025
34
Urine pH
4.5 - 8
35
Blood Alcohol Level
Legal Intoxication Level: 0.10%
36
Phencyclidine piperidine complications and treatment
Overdose: seizures and hyperthermia
Activated charcoal via NG tube
37
Gentamicin complications
Ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity
38
1
1
39
Interferon alpha therapy: indication, feared side effect
Antiviral for cancer, Heb B and C, and autoimmune diseases
Myelosuppression (low RBC, WBC, and platelets)
40
DKA treatments
IV potassium
Regular insulin
0.9% or 0.45% NS
Monito BP and potassium every 2 - 4 hours
41
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) conditions and treatment
Acute lung injury and severe hypoxemia (not treated with oxygen therapy)
Positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP)
42
UAP scope of practice
Assist with ADLS
Collect data (vital signs, weight)
Collect simple specimens
Transport patient
Restock supplies
Housekeeping
43
Anuric client treatment
Dialysis
44
PKU diet
Low protein diet
45
Resuscitation phase of recovery priorities
Airway management
Fluid management
Pain management
Infection prevention
Wound care
46
Pyridostigmine overdose symptoms
Cholinergic crisis: "DUMBBELS"
Diarrhea and diaphoresis
Urination
Miosis
Bradycardia
Bronchoconstriction
Emesis and excitability
Lacrimation
Salivation
47
Cauda equine syndrome symptoms
Urinary retention
Saddle anesthesia
Lower extremities weakness
48
Pernicious anemia symptoms
Smooth tongue and elevated mean corpuscular volume (MCV)
49
Scarlet fever symptoms
Fever
Pharyngitis
Difficulty swallowing
Papular Rash
50
24 hour urine collection procedures
Do not collect first urine of the day
Store urine via cooler or refrigerator until is sent to the lab
Collect urine every void
51
Tracheoesophageal fistula assessment findings
Constant drooling
Abdominal distention
Periodic choking
Aspiration
52
Hypermagnesemia symptoms
Bradycardia
Cardiac arrythmias
Cardiac arrest
Hypocalcemia
Hyporeflexia
Hypotension
53
Calcium gluconate uses indications
Hyperkalemia and hypermagnesemia
54
Dilation and curettage procedure
Removal of tissue inside uterus
55
Aspirin side effect
Increase bleeding
56
Meniere's disease findings
Vertigo, nausea, and vomiting
57
Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist: indication, effective findings
Prostate cancer
Low prostate-specific antigen PSA level
58
1 oz = mL?
30mL
59
1 gal = oz?
128 oz
60
Monoamine oxidase inhibitor: indications, food to avoid
Treat depression
Foods rich in tyramine: banana, cheese, red wine, beer, chocolate, yogurt, processed meat
61
Peritoneal dialysis (home): serious complication
Peritonitis
62
Dobutamine: indication
Manage low BP
63
Presbycusis meaning
Gradual hearing loss due to aging
64
NSAID: contraindications
liver disease
65
Verapamil: Class, action
Calcium channel blocker
Decrease smooth muscle contractility
66
Heparin antidote
Protamine sulfate
67
Warfarin antidote
Vitamin K
68
APGAR score
7 - 10 normal
4 - 6 require medical intervention
0 - 3 require resuscitation
69
Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy: symptoms
Pruritus of the body mostly on the palms and soles
70
Turner syndrome: findings
No toenails
Female lack one X chromosome
71
Trisomy 18: findings
Ptosis and webbed fingers
72
Urinary tract infection: findings
Urgency and suprapubic tenderness
73
Ciprofloxacin: food to avoid
Foods rich in calcium
74
Erikson's Developmental Stage: Toddler 1 - 3 years old
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
75
Celiac disease diet
Gluten free: avoid wheat, barley, rye, and oats
76
1 cup = mL?
240 mL
77
Hyperkalemia EKG reading
Peaked T waves
Widened QRS complexes
78
Osteomalacia (soft bone disease): treatment
UV light therapy
79
Sucralfate: indication, administration instruction
Gastric ulcers
Administer 2 hours after meal and other medications
80
Moxifloxacin: risk development, monitor for
Acute renal injury
Monitor for hyperkalemia
81
Trousseau sign: procedure, indication
Inflating BP cuff and monitor for carpal spasm
Used for hypocalcemia and thyroid surgery
82
Raynaud phenomenon prevention
Keep hands and feet warm
83
Fibrinolytic therapy with alteplase (tPA): contraindication
Hemorrhagic stroke
84
Full thickness burn large body surface teachings discharge
Take Vitamin D
Wear pressure garment 24 hour except in shower
85
Corticosteroid: teachings, side effects
Take with food each meal
Report weight gain more than 5 lbs. in a single week
Induce psychosis, mania, and other psych symptoms
86
Irritable bowel syndrome characteristics
Non-bloody diarrhea, pain relief with defecation
87
Crohn's and UC characteristics
Bloody diarrhea, cramping abdominal pain, and weight loss
88
Koilonychia description
Concaved shaped thin nails
89
Hypokalemia: findings
U and ST waves depressed, increased bicarbonate, increased PCO2, decreased chloride
90
T3 normal range
130 - 450 pg/dL
91
T4 normal range
0.9 - 2.3 pg/dL
92
Kawasaki disease: findings
strawberry tongue, high fever fluctuation, can develop thrombocytosis and coronary artery aneurism
93
Airborne precautions and diseases
PPE N95, negative pressure room, clients wear surgical mask when leaving room
Measles, Varicella, Shingles, Tuberculosis, Rubeola
94
Contact precautions and diseases
Gloves and gown
MRSA, C. diff, E. coli, Shingella, Hep A and E
95
Live vaccines
MMR, Varicella, Rotavirus, intranasal influenza
96
PPE donning
Gown, mask, goggles, gloves
97
PPE doffing
Gloves, goggles, gown, mask
98
Type of illness with acid base balance
COPD and GBS = respiratory acidosis
Panic attack/severe anxiety = respiratory alkalosis
Vomiting = metabolic alkalosis
Diarrhea = metabolic acidosis
99
Client position after cardiac catheter
legs straight for 2 - 6 hours
100
Client position after liver biopsy
Right side for 2 hours to prevent bleeding
101
Client position during thoracentesis
Lean over bed or table
102
Client position with GERD and hiatal hernia
Fowler's
103
Client position with spinal cord injury
Use logroll
104
Neutrophils normal range
2500 - 6000
105
1 hour newborn vaccine
IM Vit K (Phytonadione)
106
Addison's disease Adrenal crisis findings
Abdominal pain, fever, low urine output, tachycardia
107
Pulmonary congestion findings
Hypotension, tachycardia, increased pulmonary arterial pressure and central venous pressure, decreased cardiac output
108
Normal serum osmolality
270 - 300
109
Hypothyroidism: extreme manifestation, treatment
Myxedema coma
Levothyroxine, glucose and fluid replacement
110
DM type 2 HHS: interventions
Treat underlying conditions
Fluid replacement
Insulin therapy
Glucose replacement
111
Autonomic dysreflexia: causes, signs, treatment
MS, GBS, traumatic head or brain injuries, spinal cord injuries above T6, medication or illicit drug use
Hypertension, bradycardia, profuse diaphoresis, flushing of skin, pale skin
Urinary catheter, 90 degree position, recheck BP every 2 - 5 minutes
112
Demeclocycline: indication, teachings
Pneumonia
Do not take with milk or dairy products (decrease absorption)
113
BNP normal range, readings interpretation
less than 100 pg/dL
high BNP = heart failure
114
Normal compartment pressure
0 - 8
115
Contact precaution PPE
Gown and gloves
