Nematodes- Order Rhabditida, Superfamily Rhabditoidea

Question 1

Superfamily Rhabditoidea

Answer 1

Threadworm
Direct, L3 infective
Heterogonic: male and female free living under good environmental conditions
Homogonic: bc of poor environmental conditions, only adult females can parasitize the host and start reproducing asexually inside them, can parasitize as L3 but once they pass L3 in environ they cannot parasitize a host
Somatic stages (arrested)= source of TM infections
-free living and parasitic generations
Transmission: TM (primary), percutaneous, some per os, prenatal
PPP: 8-14 days, 3 days (piglets)
-can have high buildup in short amnt of time
*infects younger animals, build immunity w age
ID: adults <1 cm, esophagus 1/3 body, egg w L1 in feces or L1 in Baermann (eggs hatch rapidly)
Path: migrate to lungs, coughed, swallowed=hepatic tracheal migration
-adult females in the SMALL INTESTINE
CS: d+, anorexia, wt loss (eroding intestinal epi)…percutaneous: erythematous rxn and uticaria (vascular rxn of skin making it red)
Dx: fecal float, all except S. stercoralis (use Baermann for that one)
Tx: young animals, anthelmintics, host dependent
*hygiene is KEY for lg animals to keep worms out of environment
zoonotic

Question 2

Strongyloides stercoralis

Answer 2

Hosts: dogs, cats, foxes
Transmission: TM, percutaneous, per os, TP (rare)
Dx: L1 in feces w Baermann
-issue for kennels/breeding facilities
-zoonotic

go stir crazy in kennels

Question 3

Strongyloides westeri

Answer 3

Host: equine
Dx: eggs w/ L1 in feces=Mcmaster
*hygiene in stables, bedding–> environmental contamination
-immunity >5mo
CS: itchy skin from percut (erythematous and uticaria
Tx: rarely used, control achieved during tx for other parasites

Question 4

Strongyloides papillosus

Answer 4

Hosts: runimants
Dx: eggs w L1 in feces; Mcmaster
Transmission: percut, TM, per os, TP (rare)
some immunity
anthelmintics

Question 5

Strongyloides ransomi

Answer 5

Hosts: swine
Dx: eggs w L1 in feces; Mcmaster
PPP: can be as short as 2 days (PIGLETS contract from TM)
Transmission: TM, percut, per os, RP (rare)
CS: dehydration, wt loss, neonatal death, anorexia, d+
-neonatal pigs may die before eggs excreted in feces
-strong immunity in older pigs
Tx: anthelmintics, good hygiene
randomly 2 days ago i got a piglet