Neo-Marxism

Question 1

Overall:

Answer 1

Reject the idea that inequality is based on economic determinism. Inequality is far more complex than an individual’s relationship to the means of production as marxists suggest.

Question 2

Gramsci: Control of Economy and Ideas

Answer 2

Bourgeoisie are able to rule society and make inequality acceptable because they control the economy and the creation of ideas (infrastructure and superstructure)
Majority if people agree to these ideas without question.
The education system ensures the poor accept inequality and the superior position of the bourgeoisie.

Question 3

Poulantzas: Capitalism Consent to Rule and Class Consciousness

Answer 3

Capitalism did not deliberately try to control society. It has obtained consent from workers in order to control and govern some aspects of life.
By giving working people some of their demands (minimum wage, free healthcare etc) workers believe capitalism is on their side, preventing class consciousness.

Question 4

Milband: Government controlled by capitalism

Answer 4

Inequality is a result of capitalism
The state controls people’s lives under capitalism and state is run by capitalists.
The protection of capitalism and inequality is essential so the state, CJS, education etc are tools for the ruling class. Meritocracy is a myth.
A03- Saunders: UK society is meritocratic, despite being unequal.