Flashcards in Neonatal Adaptation Deck (50)
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1
what is meconium?
dark green substance forming the first faeces of a newborn infant
2
what happens in meconium aspiration?
blocks with airway passages and causes an inflammatory response
3
name the functions of the placenta
fetal homeostasis
gas exchange
nutrient transport to fetus
waste transport from the foetus
acid base balance
hormone production
transport of IgG
4
3 shunts in the fatal circulation
ductus venosus
foramen ovale
ductus arteriolus
5
how much of the blood goes to the lungs?
7%
6
why does the blood need to be oxygenated by the mother?
lungs haven't expanded yet and are full of fluid
7
where is the ductus venous and what does it do?
before the liver and transports oxygenated blood to the foetus
8
where is the foramen ovale?
between the right and left atrium so that blood can pass through
9
what is the role of the ductus arteriosus?
takes the blood from the ventricles into the aorta so that it doesn't all go to the lungs
10
what is more hypoxic foetus or baby?
foetus
11
what is the role of the blood going to the lungs?
perfusion rather than oxygenation
12
what is produced in the 3rd trimester?
surfactant
13
what accumulates before birth?
glycogen in liver, muscle and the heart
brown fat between scapulae and around internal organs
14
what is swallowed and inhaled before birth?
amniotic fluid to fill the lungs and help them grow
15
which hormone is increased in the onset of labour?
catecholamines
16
what stops being synthesised on the onset of labour?
lung fluid
17
what does vaginal delivery do to help the lungs?
squeezes lungs to remove some fluid but the rest is removed by crying
18
is cord clamping delayed or immediate?
delayed
19
what happens to the pulmonary and systemic vascular resistances in transition?
pulmonary drops
systemic rises
20
what happens to the oxygen tension in transition?
rises
21
circulating prostaglandins increase in transition. T/F
false they drop
22
what happens to the ducts and foramen ovale in transition?
ducts constrict
foramen ovale closes
23
what contributes to the duct constriction?
increase in o2 sats
decrease in blood flow
decrease in prostaglandins
24
fate of the foramen ovale
closes or persists
25
fate of the foramen ovale
closes or persists as PFO in 10%
26
fate of the ductus arteriosus
becomes ligamentum arteriosus
can remain persistent but uncommon
27
fate of the ductus venosus
becomes ligamentum teres
28
what causes PPH?
poor transition eg solid lungs, no surfactant
29
what is the result of PPH?
shunts from foetal life remain so can be life threatening
30
