Neonatology

Question 0

Small fontanels - associated condition/disorders

Answer 0

A. Microcephaly
B. Cranosynostosis
C. Hyperthyroidism
D. A normal variant

Question 1

Large fontanels - associated condition/disorder

Answer 1

A. Skeletal disorders (e.g., rickets, osteogenesis imperfecta)
B. Chromosomal abnormalities (e.g., Down syndrome)
C. Hypothyroidism
D. Malnutrition

Increased ICP can also result in large fontanels and splitting of the sutures

Question 2

Sunken fontanels - associated condition/disorder

Answer 2

This is a sign of dehydration

Question 3

Bulging fontanels - associated condition/disorder

Answer 3

Generally regarded as an increase in ICP, as may be seen in:

A. Meningitis
B. Hydrocephalus
C. Subdural hematoma
D. Lead poisoning