Pediatric Infectious Diseases Flashcards
Precautions / RELATIVE contraindications for vaccination
- Shock/hypo responsive episode 40.5 within 48h of previous dose of DTaP.
- Seizure <3d after previous dose of DTaP
- Moderate-to-severe acute illness with or without fever
ABSOLUTE contraindications for vaccination in children
- Severe allergic reaction (e.g. anaphylaxis) after a previous vaccine dose
- Known severe immune deficiency (MMR, Varicella)
- Encephalopathy within 7days of administration of the previous dose (DTaP)
- Pregnancy (MMR, Varicella)
Confusing items that are ACTUALLY NOT CONTRAINDICATIONS
- Mild illness with or without low-grade fever
- Current antibiotic
- Positive PPD
- Prematurity (premature infants should be vaccinated according to chronologic age. Hepatitis B vaccine should be delayed until the child weighs more than 2,000g if the mother is HBsAg negative).
Fever of unknown origin (FUO) definition
Implies fever of prolonged duration (>14days), documented temperature >38.3/101 on multiple occasions, and uncertain etiology
Most common cause of FUO
Common pediatric infection with an atypically prolonged course
Risk factors for NEONATAL SEPSIS
- Intrapartum Temp >38.0
- Ruptured amniotic membranes (>18h)
- Delivery at <37wks gestation
- Chorioamnionitis
MC complication of acute otitis media (AOM)?
otitis media with effusion – follows virtually all cases and takes variable time to resolve.
When do you consult/refer for possible tympanostomy tube placement?
- Children with OM w/ effusion that persists longer than 3 months.
- Pts. with at least 4 episodes of AOM within 6mo
- Pts. 0with at least 5 episodes of AOM within 12mo.
Complications of acute otitis media
Chronic OM with effusion increases the risk of delay of language acquisition and hearing loss.
Complications of frequent episodes of AOM include excessive scarring (tympanosclerosis), cholesteatoma formation, and chronic suppurative AOM.
