Neonatology Flashcards
(26 cards)
Give the names and functions of the special shunts in fetal circulation
Ductus venosus; allowing blood to bypass the liver
Foramen ovale; lets blood flow straight from right to left side of the heart
Ducturs arteriosus; blood from pulmonary trunk is shunted into the descending aorta
How does the lungs get rid of the amniotic fluid in them after birth?
Crying assists in the absorption into the lymphatic system
What hormonal drop allows the closure of the ductus arteriosus?
Prostaglandins
What is the ideal temperature of the newbron?
36.5-37.4ºC
Why is fetal haemoglobin not advantageous in the neonate?
It holds onto oxygen and doesnt release it to the tissues so well. So once born increaes in 2,3 BPG that allows easier release of oxygen to tissues
What conditions are screened for on the guthrie cards (heel prick test)
Cystic fibrosis
Haemoglobinopathies
Metabolic diseases (phenylketonuria, thyroid function, medium chain acyl-coa dehydrogenase deficiency, maple syrup urine disease, isovaleric acidaemia, glutaric aciduria type 1
What are some of the conditions tested for in the newborns physical examination?
Hearing screening Conenital dysplasia of hips Caput succedeneum Cephalhaematoma Cataracts Facial palsy Tetralogy of fallot Portwine stain
What is the normal respiratory rate of the newborn?
40-60 permin
What is the normal heart rate of the newbron?
120-140bpm
What is the normal temperature of the newborn
36.5-37.4ºC
What is the normal SP02 of the newborn?
> 95% like in adults
What is the normal cap refil of the newborn?
2-3s
How much mls of blood will a baby have per kg of weight?
80mls per kg
What are the parameters of the apgar score
Appearance (colour) Pulse (>100) Grimace (cry and pull away) Activity (flexed arms/legs) Respiration (strong cry)
Which groups of babies are more likely to have neonatal death?
<32wks Twins Multiple births Black moms Teenage moms Those in poverty
What are the conditions tested for in the guthrie cards? (Heel prick test)
Cystic fibrosis
Haemoglobinopathies
Metabolic disease (phenylketonuria, thyroid function, medium chian acyl coa dehydrogenase deficiency, maple syrup urine disease, isovaleric acidaemia, glutaric aciduria type 1, homocystinuria)
Baby has a swelling in the outer layer of the skin what is it?
Caput succedeneum
Baby has a swelling on his head that looks like horns. What is this likely to be?
Cephalhaematoma
What gestation would a mom be given anti D in order to prevent rhesus disease
28wks and within 72hrs of birth
Where is the injection site for anti-D in the mom
IM on deltoid muscle
Why does respiratory distress syndrome occur?
Common in preterm infants <29wks
As surfactant not produced and has structural immaturity. Treat with prednisolone
What is the most likley organism to cause infection in a neonate?
Group B strep (gram positive cocci)
In a healthy neonate how many wet nappies should they produce?
6 or more wet nappies in 24hrs
3 dirty nappies in 24hrs
How should breast milk be stored
Up to 6months at -18ºC
Coldest part of fridge for 5 days
Dont use microwave to warm or defrost
