Neoplasia 1 Flashcards
(16 cards)
Define Neoplasia
Formation of a “new growth” of tissue
Define Neoplasm
the new tissue growth or mass (AKA cancer [if malignant] or tumor)
Define Oncology
The study of neoplasia
When does a normal cell proliferate, if it can?
In response to physiological signals
What does a normal cell maintain during proliferation?
Coordination and control
What do we mean when we say neoplastic cells are autonomous?
They are not subject to outside control, they are uncoordinated and have excessive cell proliferation
What category does a hamartoma fall under?
Non-neoplastic proliferative lesion
What is a hamartoma?
Proliferation of disorganized and disproportionate but mature tissue in a normal location
What category does a choristoma fall under?
Non-neoplastic proliferative lesion
What is a choristoma?
proliferation of normal tissue in an abnormal (ectopic) location
Define hypertrophy
Increase in the size of an organ or increase in the size of normal cells
Define hyperplasia
Increase in the number of normal cells
Stops when stimulus ends
Will not compress adjacent normal tissue
Define metaplasia
Replacement of one mature cell type with another mature cell type
Response to injury
Reversible when stimulus stops
Define dysplasia
Non-neoplastic but disorderly growth of cells
- Lose uniformity of cells
- Lose architectural orientation
- Can be pre-neoplastic but doesn’t always lead to cancer
Define differentiation of a neoplasm
It’s the extent to which a neoplastic cell resembles a normal cell (morphologically and functionally)
- Well differentiated = resembles a normal cell
- Poorly differentiated = resembles a primitive cell, not normal
Define anaplasia
Lack of differentiation (to form backward)
- microscopic feature of malignancy
- anaplastic cells are primitive appearing and are unspecialized
