Neoplasia Flashcards
“Neo-“?
new
“-Plasia”?
Cells
Metastasis?
Cancer that spreads to a different part of the body from where it started
Neoplasia?
Uncontrolled cell growth and differentiation
Is Neoplasia regulated?
No, it exceeds normal
Neoplasm?
Abnormal mass
What are the characteristics of Benign Neoplasm?
- Neoplasia still occurs (uncontrolled, slow growth [reasonably, well behaved])
- Still resembles tissue of origin
- May stop or regress
- usually encapsulated (limits growth and spreading)
- Noninvasive -> invades local area, but does not interfere with surrounding tissue
- differentiated cells
- Does not spread by metastasis
Does metastasis occur in benign or malignant neoplasm?
- It occurs in malignant not in benign
What kind of cells does benign consist of in comparison with malignant neoplasm?
Benign = differentiated cells Malignant = undifferentiated cells
If neoplasia is present, what will you form?
Neoplasm
What are the 2 types of neoplasm?
- Benign (non-cancerous)
2. Malignant (cancerous)
What are the characteristics of malignant neoplasm?
- cancerous
- growth that is completely unregulated [rapid growth with undifferentiated cells]
- Does not resemble cells of normal tissue [takes up various forms; disorderly, undifferentiated with anaplasia]
- Secrete enzymes that break up cementing material between cells to make room for further proliferation
- Not capsulated -> Invasive & damaging (interferes with surrounding tissue)
- Gains access to blood and lymph channels to metastasize to other areas
- Due to gene mutation
- Irreversible
How do benign and malignant differ in terms of:
- Cell characteristics?
- Rate of growth?
- Mode of growth?
- Metastasis?
- Benign = well-differentiated cells that resemble cells in the tissue of origin
Malignant = cells are undifferentiated, with anaplasia and atypical structure that often bears little resemblance to cells in the tissue of origin
- Benign = Usually progressive & slow; may come to a standstill or regress
Malignant = Variable depends on level of differentiation; the more undifferentiated the cells, the more rapid of growth
- Benign = Grows by expansion without invading the surrounding tissues; usually encapsulated
Malignant = Grows by invasion, sending out process that infiltrate the surrounding tissues
- Benign = Does not spread by metastasis
Malignant = Gains access to blood & lymph channels to metastasize to other areas of the body
What do malignant tumors secrete?
Enzymes that break up the cementing material between cells to make room for further proliferation
What are malignant tumors due to?
Gene mutation
