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Gross Anatomy > Nerve and Blood Supply of Back > Flashcards

Nerve and Blood Supply of Back Flashcards

1
Q

what is located in the subdural space?

A

veins

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2
Q

what is located in the epidural space?

A

fat

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3
Q

Bell Magendie Law

A

sensory info goes into spinal cord via dorsal roots of spinal nerves and motor commands leave spinal cord via ventral roots

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4
Q

intermediolateral gray T-T2

A

preganglionic sympathetic neurons

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5
Q

intermediolateral gray S-S4

A

preganglionic parasympathetic fibers

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6
Q

spinal nerves are numbered for which vertebrae relative to them?

A

the vertebrae above, EXCEPT for in the cervical region where, for example, C3 is between C2 and C3. T1 would be between T1 and T2.

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7
Q

what kind of neuron is the dorsal root ganglion?

A

psuedounipolar

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8
Q

where are the dorsal and spinal roots located?

A

inside the vertebral canal and join to form spinal nerve

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9
Q

where are the dorsal and spinal rami located?

A

outside intervertebral foramen and represent bifurcation of spinal nerve

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10
Q

medial branch of dorsal rami

A

all levels supply muscles, only levels T6 and up are also cutaneous to upper back (sensory to skin)

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11
Q

lateral branch of dorsal rami

A

all levels supply muscles, only levels T6 and below are also cutaneous to lower back and medial gluteus region

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12
Q

what dorsal rami do not split into medial and lateral branches?

A

C1, S4/5, Cx1

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13
Q

suboccipital nerve?

A

dorsal ramus of C1

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14
Q

what is the largest of all dorsal rami?

A

C2

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15
Q

medial branch of C2 dorsal ramus is also called what?

A

occipital nerve

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16
Q

where does the lateral branch become cutaneous and medial branch is purely muscular?

A

T7-12

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17
Q

cervical plexus?

A

C2-C4, innervates neck, parts of head and shoulders

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18
Q

brachial plexus?

A

C5-T1, innervates the pectoral girdle and upper limb

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19
Q

lumbosacral plexus

A

L1-S4, innervates pelvic girdle and lower limb

20
Q

what is a dermatome?

A

areas of skin innervated by cutaneous branches of a single spinal nerve

21
Q

C5-T1 dermatome

A

upper extremity

22
Q

C5

A

thumb

23
Q

C7

A

middle finger

24
Q

C8

A

pinky

25
Q

T4

A

nipple

26
Q

T10

A

umbilicus

27
Q

L1-S2

A

lower extremity

28
Q

L1

A

groin

29
Q

L4

A

shin and medial foot

30
Q

L5

A

lateral leg and top of foot

31
Q

S1

A

pinky toe and bottom of foot

32
Q

what accompanies the dorsal rami to form the segmentally arranged neurovascular bundles?

A

small arteries and veins

33
Q

right side of the heart

A

receives de-oxygenated blood and sends de-oxygenated blood to the lungs for oxygenation

34
Q

left side of the heart

A

receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and returns it to the body

35
Q

anastomoses

A

created by the union of blood channels, these may occur at capillary level between arterial and venous systems. arteries to arterioles to capillaries.

36
Q

collateral circulation

A

an alternative route of circulation to a body part created by anastomoses of arterial channels. frequent around joints of limbs.

37
Q

collateral vessels

A

anastomostic vessels proceeding from superior to inferior

38
Q

recurrent vessels

A

anastomostic vessels proceeding from inferior to superior

39
Q

pulmonary circulation

A

from right ventricle to the lungs and to the left atrium

40
Q

systemic circulation

A

from left ventricle to the body to the right atrium

41
Q

venous return?

A

vena cava, hepatic portal system, brachiocephalic veins that form superior vena cava, and azygos system

42
Q

role of GI tract in lymphatic system?

A

95% of lymph content drained here. major route of transportation of macromolecules from digestive tract to blood circulatory system

43
Q

afferent lymph vessels

A

drain lymph to nodes

44
Q

efferent lymph vessels

A

drain lymph from nodes to larger lymph channels

45
Q

thoracic duct

A

major lymph channel of body and receives drainage from left side of head and neck, left side of thorax, left arm, abdomen, pelvis and perineum, and both legs

Gross Anatomy (9 decks)

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