Nerves of the Neck

Question 1

Identify nerve A.

Answer 1

Hypoglossal nerve

Question 2

Identify nerve B.

Answer 2

Internal branch of superior laryngeal nerve.

Question 3

Identify nerve C.

Answer 3

External branch of superior laryngeal nerve

Question 4

Identify nerve D.

Answer 4

Right recurrent laryngeal nerve.

Question 5

Identify nerve E.

Answer 5

Left recurrent laryngeal nerve

Question 6

Identify nerve F.

Answer 6

Phrenic nerve

Question 7

Identify nerve G.

Answer 7

Spinal accessory nerve (CNXI)

Question 8

Identify nerve H.

Answer 8

Vagus nerve

Question 9

Identify nerve A.

Answer 9

Hypoglossal nerve (CNXI)

Question 10

Identify nerve B.

Answer 10

Internal branch of superior laryngeal nerve.

Question 11

Identify nerve C.

Answer 11

External branch of superior laryngeal nerve.

Question 12

Identify nerve D.

Answer 12

Right recurrent laryngeal nerve.

Question 13

Identify nerve E.

Answer 13

Left recurrent laryngeal nerve.

Question 14

Identify nerve F.

Answer 14

Phrenic nerve

Question 15

Identify nerve G.

Answer 15

Vagus nerve (CNX)

Question 16

Identify nerve H.

Answer 16

Sympathetic trunk

Question 17

Identify nerve I.

Answer 17

Anterior (thin) and posterior C1-C8 spinal nerve roots

Question 18

Identify nerve J.

Answer 18

Spinal accessory nerve.

Question 19

Describe the origin of the hypoglossal nerve.

Answer 19

Medulla oblongata

Question 20

What type of nerve is the hypoglossal nerve?

Answer 20

Motor

Question 21

Describe the course of the hypoglossal nerve.

Answer 21

Passes through hypoglossal canal and travels anteriorly towards tongue.

Question 22

Describe what the hypoglossal nerve supplies.

Answer 22

All muscles of the tongue except palatoglossus muscle.

Question 23

Describe the origin of the internal branch of superior laryngeal nerve.

Answer 23

Superior laryngeal nerve.

Question 24

Describe the course of the internal branch of superior laryngeal nerve.

Answer 24

Runs anteriorly with superior laryngeal artery, piercing thyrohyoid membrane to enter inner surface of larynx.

Question 25

What type of innervation does the internal branch of superior laryngeal nerve supply?

Answer 25

Sensory and parasympathetic.

Question 26

Describe the sensory targets of the internal branch of superior laryngeal nerve.

Answer 26

Epiglottis Root of tongue Upper larynx

Question 27

Describe the parasympathetic targets of the internal branch of superior laryngeal nerve.

Answer 27

Glands and vasculature of epiglottis, root of tongue and upper larynx.

Question 28

Describe the origin of the external branch of superior laryngeal nerve.

Answer 28

Superior laryngeal nerve.

Question 29

Describe the course of the external branch of superior laryngeal nerve.

Answer 29

Runs anteriorly and inferiorly with superior thyroid artery towards the cricothyroid muscle.

Question 30

What type of innervation does the external branch of superior laryngeal nerve supply?

Answer 30

Motor.

Question 31

Describe the targets of the external branch of superior laryngeal nerve supply?

Answer 31

Inferior pharyngeal constrictor and cricothyroid muscles.

Question 32

What is the origin of the recurrent laryngeal nerve?

Answer 32

Vagus nerve

Question 33

Describe the course of the recurrent laryngeal nerve.

Answer 33

Crosses under, then posterior to subclavian artery (right) or aortic arch (left), ascending laterally to the trachea, ending in larynx.

Question 34

What type of innervation does the recurrent laryngeal nerve supply?

Answer 34

Sensory, Motor, parasympathetic.

Question 35

What are the sensory targets of the recurrent laryngeal nerve?

Answer 35

visceral sensation from larynx esophagus trachea heart lungs

Question 36

What are the motor targets of the recurrent laryngeal nerve?

Answer 36

Muscles of larynx, except cricothyroid muscles

Question 37

What are the parasympathetic targets of the recurrent laryngeal nerve?

Answer 37

Heart Lungs Esophagus Trachea Larynx

Question 38

What is the origin of the phrenic nerve?

Answer 38

Anterior rami of the third, fourth and fifth cervical nerves.

Question 39

Describe the course of the phrenic nerve

Answer 39

Inferiorly in the neck, anterior to anterior scalene, through thoracic aperture, anterior to roots of lungs, lateral to fibrous pericardium, terminating on diaphragm.

Question 40

What type of innervation is supplied by the phrenic nerve?

Answer 40

Motor and sensory

Question 41

Describe the motor innervation of the phrenic nerve.

Answer 41

Diaphragm

Question 42

Describe the sensory innervation supplied by the phrenic nerve.

Answer 42

Diaphragm Pleura Pericardium Inferior vena cava Peritoneum

Question 43

What is the origin of the spinal accessory nerve?

Answer 43

Accessory nucleus of cervical spinal cord segments C1-C6.

Question 44

Describe the course of the spinal accessory nerve/

Answer 44

Ascends into cranial vault through foramen magnum, exits skull via jugular foramen. Runs inferior and laterally to deep surface of SCM muscle, ends at seep surface of trapezius.

Question 45

What type of innervation is supplied by the spinal accessory nerve?

Answer 45

Motor

Question 46

Describe the target of the spinal accessory nerve.

Answer 46

SCM and trap muscles

Question 47

What is the origin of the vagus nerve?

Answer 47

Medulla oblongata of brainstem.

Question 48

Describe the course of the vagus nerve.

Answer 48

Runs laterally from brainstem to jugular foramen, emerges below skull posterior to jugular vein and internal carotid artery. Passes inferiorly in carotid sheath to root of neck. Moves to sides of trachea and esophagus, following them down to abdomen.

Question 49

What type of innervation is supplied by the vagus nerve?

Answer 49

Motor, sensory, parasympathetic.

Question 50

Describe the parasympathetic targets of the vagus nerve.

Answer 50

Visceral motor innervation from mucosal linings of gut tube and viscera from ~ the fauces down to splenic flexure of large intestine.

Question 51

Describe the motor targets of the vagus nerve

Answer 51

Muscles of palate, pharynx, larynx except: tensor veli palatini and stylopharyngeus muscles.

Question 52

Describe the sensory targets of the vagus nerve.

Answer 52

General sensation from portions of inner ear, baro- and chemoreceptors on the aortic arch Taste sensation from epiglottic region

Question 53

What is the role of the sympathetic trunk?

Answer 53

Passes all sympathetic innervation to the body.

Question 54

Describe the targets of the sympathetic trunk.

Answer 54

Blood vessels Sweat glands Arrector pili muscles Heart Lungs Digestive system Kidneys Ovaries Related fascial layers

Question 55

Describe the origin of the anterior roots of the cervical nerves.

Answer 55

Anterolateral sulcus

Question 56

Describe the course of the anterior roots of the cervical nerves.

Answer 56

Laterally towards intervertebral foramina.

Question 57

What type of innervation is supplied by the anterior roots of the cervical nerves?

Answer 57

Motor

Question 58

Describe the targets of the anterior roots of the cervical nerves.

Answer 58

Muscles of upper limb, back, shoulder.

Question 59

What is the origin of the posterior roots of each cervical nerve?

Answer 59

Corresponding cervical nerve.

Question 60

Describe the course of the posterior roots of the cervical nerves.

Answer 60

Medially towards the posterior side of spinal cord.

Question 61

What type of innervation does the posterior roots of the cervical nerves provide?

Answer 61

Sensory