Nervous System

Question 1

Aspects of the Frontal Association Cortex

Answer 1

Intelligence 
Personality
Behaviour 
Mood
Cognitive function

Question 2

Aspects of the Parietal Association Cortex

Answer 2

Spatial skills

3D recognition- shapes, faces, concepts, abstract perception

Question 3

Aspects of the Temporal Association Cortex

Answer 3

Memory
Mood
Aggression
Intelligence

Question 4

Aspects of the Non-Dominant Hemisphere (right)

Answer 4

Non-verbal language- Body language 
Emotional expression- Tone
Spatial skills- 3D
Conceptual understanding 
Artistic/Musical skills

Question 5

Effects of injury to right hemisphere

Answer 5

Loss of non-verbal language  
Speech lacks emotion 
Spatial disorientation 
Inability to recognise familiar objects
Loss of musical appreciation

Question 6

What sensations are involved with discriminatory nerves

Answer 6

Touch and pressure

Question 7

What sensations are involved with non-discriminatory nerves

Answer 7

Pain and temperature

Question 8

What is the conduction speed of discriminatory nerves

Answer 8

50 m/s

Question 9

What is the conduction speed from a non-discriminatory nerve

Answer 9

1 m/s

Question 10

What’s the receptor class of a non-discriminatory nerve

Answer 10

Free nerve ending

Question 11

What’s the receptor class of a discriminatory nerve

Answer 11

Myelinated/ encapsulated nerve

Question 12

Where do discriminatory nerves enter the spinal cord through

Answer 12

Dorsal root

Question 13

Where do non-discriminatory nerves enter the spinal cord through

Answer 13

Dorsal root

Question 14

Where does the primary neuron synapse in from discriminatory nerves

Answer 14

Cuneate/gracile nucleus depending on where the impulse came from

Question 15

Where does the primary nerve synapse in from non-discriminatory nerves

Answer 15

Dorsal grey horn

Question 16

Where does the secondary neuron project through from discriminatory nerves

Answer 16

Medial Lemniscus

Question 17

Where does the secondary neuron project through from the non-discriminatory nerves

Answer 17

Spinothalamic tract

Question 18

Where does the secondary neuron synapse in from the discriminatory nerve

Answer 18

Vents posterior thalamus

Question 19

Where does the secondary neuron synapse in from the non-discriminatory nerve

Answer 19

Ventro posterior thalamus

Question 20

Where does the tertiary neuron from the discriminatory nerve project through

Answer 20

Internal capsule

Question 21

Where does the internal neuron from the non-discriminatory nerve project through

Answer 21

Internal capsule

Question 22

Where does the tertiary neuron synapse in from both discriminatory and non-discriminatory nerves

Answer 22

Primary samatosensory cortex

Question 23

What parts of the body are associated with gracile nucleus/ fasiculus

Answer 23

Lower limb information

Question 24

What parts of the body are associated with cuneate nucleus/ fasciculus

Answer 24

Upper limb information

Question 25

Are discriminatory nerves myelinated

Answer 25

Yes

Question 26

Are non-discriminatory nerves myelinated

Answer 26

No

Question 27

If there is a lesion on the right side on the brain/ brain stem, what type of sensory loss will this cause

Answer 27

Associative sensory loss

Question 28

If there in a lesion on the right side of the spinal cord, what type of sensory loss will this result in

Answer 28

Dissociative sensory loss

Question 29

With a lesion on the right side of the brain/ brain stem what side will you feel loss for touch & pressure and pain & temperature

Answer 29

Left for both

Question 30

With a lesion in the right side of the spinal cord, what side will sensory loss of touch & pressure and pain & temperature be felt on

Answer 30

Right for touch and pressure | Left for pain and temperature

Question 31

What pathway in the brain conveys discriminatory sensation ( touch & pressure)

Answer 31

Dorsal Column- Medial Lemniscal system/ pathway

Question 32

What pathway in the brain conveys non-discriminatory sensation (pain & temperature)

Answer 32

Spinothalamic tract

Question 33

What location do both pathways terminate

Answer 33

Ventral posterior nucleus in the thalamus

Question 34

Does the foot have a larger or smaller homoncular representation than the hand

Answer 34

Smaller

Question 35

What does a larger representation in the sensory homonculus represent

Answer 35

More sensitive areas of the body

Question 36

Why do some parts of the body have a larger representation in the primary motor cortex homonculus than others

Answer 36

Because they need finer control of the muscles innervated in that area

Question 37

What’s the function of the pyramidal tract

Answer 37

Initiating, controlling and stopping voluntary movement

Question 38

Symptoms of flaccid paralysis

Answer 38

No nervous control of muscle | Decreased muscle activation and decreased muscle tone

Question 39

Symptoms of spastic paralysis

Answer 39

Jerky movements | Increased muscle activation, increased muscle tone

Question 40

What is the basal ganglia associated with

Answer 40

Refined motor control

Question 41

What do diseases involving the cerebellum result in

Answer 41

Uncoordinated movements

Question 42

What do lesions in the basal ganglia result in

Answer 42

Unrefined movements

Question 43

What are the motor symptoms of Parkinson’s

Answer 43

Tremor at rest Rigidity and stiffness Difficulty initiating movement Bradykinesia/hypokinesia