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Unit 4 > Nervous system > Flashcards

Nervous system Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the function of the nervous system (3)

A

Monitor internal and external environments
Process information
Direct behaviour and body procesesses

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2
Q

what are the three main neurones in the nervous system

A

sensory neuron
interneuron
Motor neuron

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3
Q

Is there a wide variety of neuronal subtypes. true or false

A

true

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4
Q

What are the two major functional divisons of the nervous system

A

somatic
Autonomic

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5
Q

Is somatic nervous system voluntary or involuntary

A

voluntary

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6
Q

Is autonomic nervous system voluntary or involuntary

A

Involuntary

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7
Q

What is located on a neurone (5)

A

Cell body
Dendrites
Axon Hillock
Axon
Terminal branches

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8
Q

What are the functions of neuro glial cells (8)

A

support neuronal function s
main the local extracellular environment
local concentration of neurotransmitters
supply nutrients
Support guide neuronal development
stabilise neuronal network
improve communication speeds
Provide immunological defence

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9
Q

What is the central nervous system anatomical divisions

A

Brain
spinal cord

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10
Q

What is the peripheral nervous system anatomical divisions

A

Cranial nerves
Spinal nerves

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11
Q

What are ganglia part of
and what is it defined as

A

part of the peripheral nervous system
collection of neuronal cell Bodies

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12
Q

What is the output of the brain

A

motor pathways

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13
Q

What does the somatic motor pathways control

A

skeletal muscle

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14
Q

What does the autonomic motor pathways control (4)

A

Smooth muscles
Cardiac muscle
glands
adipose

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15
Q

What is the peripheral nervous system

A

the nervous system outside the brain and spinal cord

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16
Q

What is the central nervous system

A

Is the body processing centre

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17
Q

What are the two functional divisions of the autonomic nervous system

A

sympathetic
Parasympathetic

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18
Q

what is included in the sensory nervous system

A

Somatic sensory
Autonomic sensory

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19
Q

What is included in the motor nervous system

A

Somatic motor
Autonomic motor

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20
Q

What is parasympathetic

A

network of nerves that relaxes your body after periods of stress and danger

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21
Q

What is sympathetic

A

network of nerves that help your body activate it fight or flight response

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22
Q

How many layers are there that protects the brain

A

three

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23
Q

How is the cerebrospinal fluid produced

A

Choroid plexuses
tissues of brain

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24
Q

What does the cerebrospinal fluid do (4)

A

protect medium for brain
protective cushioning
Removal of metabolites
Provide stable ionic environment

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25
What are the folds of the brain called
gyri
26
What are the creases in-between the brain called
sulci
27
What are deep sulci called
fissures
28
What are the five parts of the brain called
Frontal (front) Parietal (top) temporal (Sides) occipital (back) cerebellum brain stem
29
What are the names of the main gyri and sulci (4)
Pre central gyrus Central sulcus post central gyrus Lacteal sulus
30
What is the grey matter of the brain
Cell bodies of neurones and glial cells
31
What is the white matter of the brain
Axons
32
What has fibre tract ? White matter or grey matter
White matter
33
What does the white matter do
Connects different areas of the brain
34
What does the frontal lobe do for the body (6)
Planning Emotions Moods Behaviour motor functions Smell
35
What does the parietal lobe do for the body (4)
Touch pain Temperature Sensation
36
What does the occipital lobe do for the body
Vision
37
What does the cerebellum do for the body
Balance and coordination
38
What does the temporal lobe do
Hearing Language Memory
39
What does the insula do (8)
pain processing Conscious awareness Tasting Consciousness Emotions audio and visual Homeostatic error detection Interoception - atomic sensory motoring, regulation
40
Where is the Insula located
major fold behind the frontal, parietal and temporal lobe
41
What cortex is this of the brain motor control of skeletal muscle Motor planning
Motor cortex somatic
42
What cortex is this of the brain -Input from skin -input from proprioceptor -spatial discrimination
Sensory cortex
43
What cortex of the brain is this - Mapping visual input -visual recognition
Visual cortex
44
What cortex of the brain is this - pitches, loudness, location -auditory memory, sound recognition
auditory cortex
45
What is the Broca area of the brain do
The planning of speech
46
What is the wenicke area of the brain do
Understanding the recognition of words and meaning
47
What would the brain do when reading as a flow chart of the main components
visual cortex wernicke broca
48
What is Somatotopy
the mapping of the brains surface sensation onto a structrure in the brain
49
What does homunculus mean
represent the motor and sensory distribution along cerebral cortex of the brain
50
What is the most sensory of the brain using the homunculi (3)
Feet Hands Face
51
What is the most motor of the brain using the homunculi (3)
Feet Hands FAce
52
What does the brainstem consist of
midbrain pons medulla
53
What is the brain stem
connects cerebrum of the brain to the spinal cord and cerebellum
54
What is the function of the brain stem (2)
sends signals from brain to the rest of the body. control subconscious body functions breathing and heart rate
55
What is reticular formation
group of nuclei in a nucleus a concentration of cell bodies
56
Function of reticular formation
control the depth of breathing
57
What are the functions of the cerebellum (4)
control balance Influence posture coordination of movement Motor learning
58
What are the two pairs of arteries that supply the brain
internal carotid vertebral
59
What do the two vertebral arteries join to form
basilar artery
60
Where does the arteries feed into
circle of Willis location on the base of the brain
61
What does the circle of willis provide
anastomosis
62
What is the nervous system
organisation of nerve tissue in the body
63
Give an anatomical term to describe parasympathetic nervous system
cranio sacral
64
What is the effect of the heart when parasympathetic nervous system occur
Release hormone acetylcholine to slow heart rate down
65
What is the effect of the lungs when parasympathetic nervous system occur
Contract smooth muscles of bronchioles to slow rate of breathing and depth
66
Define parasympathetic nervous system
Relax body after stress or danger
67
Define sympathetic nervous system
Activate fight or flight response
68
What is the effect of the heart when sympathetic nervous system
Heart rate increase
69
What is the effect of the lungs when sympathetic nervous system occur
Increase resistance of flow to the lungs by constricting pulmonary vein
70
What is the effect of the saliva glands when parasympathetic nervous system occur
stimulate the glands to produce more saliva
71
What is the effect of the saliva glands when parasympathetic nervous system occur
decrease the amount of saliva and increase protein secretion
72
what is the relationship between the sympathetic nervous system and adrenal glands
hypothalamus activates the sympathetic and sends autonomic nerves to adrenal glands which respond by pumping hormones into blood stream to control heart rate, blood pressure and body functions.
73
Location of the sensory homunculi
Post central gyrus
74
Location of the motor homunculi
Pre central gyrus
75
The vagus nerve carries major elements of which part of the nervous system a- somatic nervous system b- Parasympathetic nervous stystem c-Central nervous system d-sympathetic nervous system
b
76
Which option in the list below describes organs that are controlled by enteric nervous system? a- small intestines b- The heart and lungs c- The eyes and ears d-Somatic muscles
a
77
Which statement best describes the role of Broca's area a- it is linked to sensory discrimination b- it is linked to motor control of limbs c- it is liked to speech production d- it is liked to comprehension of words
c
78
What glands does ACTH primarily activate in order to stimulate hormone production a- gametes b- thyroid glands c- adrenal medulla d- Adrenal cortex
d
79
Which of the following statement best describes the structure of ganglia a- ganglia made up of a collection of nerve fibres b- ganglia are made up of collection of cell bodies c- ganglia do not contain neurones d- ganglia are locate in the central nervous system
b

Unit 4 (4 decks)

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