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Anatomy & Physiology Unit 2 > Nervous System > Flashcards

Nervous System Flashcards

(71 cards)

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1
Q

Receive electrical signals, site of graded potentials

A

Dendrites and soma

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2
Q

Propagates action potential, site of action potential

A

Axon

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3
Q

another neuron, gland, muscle cell

A

Postsynaptic

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4
Q

Brain (function) and spinal cord (reflex), premium

A

Central nervous system

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5
Q

Cranial and spinal nerves, not premium

A

Peripheral nervous system

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6
Q

Pathway to brain

A

Afferent

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7
Q

Pathway from brain

A

Efferent

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8
Q

Somatic sensory neurons and visceral sensory neurons, sensory

A

Afferent division

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9
Q

Skeletal muscle, voluntary

A

Somatic sensory neurons

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10
Q

Organs

A

Visceral sensory neurons

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11
Q

Autonomic nervous system and somatic nervous system, motor

A

Efferent division

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12
Q

Blinking, involuntary breathing, internal, on all the time

A

Autonomic nervous system

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13
Q

Voluntary (response)

A

Somatic nervous system

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14
Q

Sends info to the sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system

A

Autonomic nervous system

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15
Q

Involved with increased heart rate, fight or flight

A

Sympathetic nervous system

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16
Q

relaxed

A

parasympathetic nervous system

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17
Q

Sends information to skeletal muscle

A

Somatic nervous system

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18
Q

Sends information to cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, and glands

A

Sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system

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19
Q

Information sent from the ankle to the brain from muscle is from what path?

A

Somatic sensory

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20
Q

Information sent from the liver to the brain is from what path?

A

Visceral sensory neurons

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21
Q

Located in the dendrites, soma, and axon, always open, associated with graded potentials

A

Passive gate

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22
Q

Located in the dendrites and soma, closed but open when binded to neurotransmitter, associated with graded potential and synapse

A

Chemical or ligand-gated

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23
Q

Located on the axon, closed but open when threshold is met, associated with action potential

A

Voltage channel gate

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24
Q

Occurs along dendrite + axon + cell body, decremental (short-lived/dies off)

A

Graded potential

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25
Electrical *all or none* event, depends on voltage channel gates, occurs only along the axon
Action Potential
26
A bundle of axons or nerve fibers (cells/neurons) in the CNS
Tract
27
A bundle of axons or nerve fibers (cells/neurons) in the PNS
Nerves
28
A bundle of cell bodies in the PNS (*along spinal nerves-sensory roots, dorsal*)
Ganglia
29
A bundle of cell bodies in the CNS (*motor nerves*)
Nuclei
30
Caretaking cells
Neuroglial
31
Transmit signals
Neurons
32
make and circulate CSF (CNS neuroglial cell)
Ependymal cells
33
Immune cells of the CNS, phagocytosis (CNS neuroglial cell)
Microglia cells
34
Cells that make up the blood brain barrier (CNS neuroglial cell)
Astrocytes
35
Make up myelin sheath that surrounds axons in the CNS (CNS neuroglial cell)
Oligodendrocytes
36
Lipoprotein substances, makes impulse jump faster along axon
Myelin
37
Produce myelin for PNS neuron's axon (PNS neuroglial cells)
Schwann cells
38
Normally surround ganglia-cell bodies of PNS neurons, provide nutrients/structure for neuron, function similarly to astrocytes of CNS (PNS neuroglial cells)
Satellite cells
39
Na+ (sodium) enters cell, K+ (potassium) leaves cell
Positive phase in action potential
40
Na+ (sodium) outside trying to enter cell
Negative phase in action potential
41
Rest of cell (AP)
-70mv
42
Threshold of cell (AP)
-55mv
43
Depolarization of cell, sodium enters (AP)
-70mv to +30mv
44
Repolarization of cell, potassium leaves (AP)
+30mv to -70mv
45
Hyperpolarization of cell, potassium keeps leaving cell (AP)
-70mv to -90mv
46
Time in which an action potential cannot repeat
Refractory period
47
Na+ gates are closed
Absolute refractory period
48
Na+ gates are closed, strong stimulus cannot activate
Absolute refractory period
49
Na+ gates are slowly opening, increasingly more Na+ ion gates open, increases chance of a second action potential forming
Relative refractory period
50
*Away from brain to limb*
Efferent (motor)
51
*Brain + spinal chord*
CNS
52
*Cranial + spinal nerves*
PNS
53
*Wouldn't find on a somatic motor neuron (PNS), only afferent*
Dorsal roof ganglia
54
*Cell bodies in PNS (sensory)*
Ganglia
55
*Cell bodies in CNS (motor)*
Nuclei
56
*CNS and motor neurons (PNS)*
Multipolar
57
*Special senses (vision, smell, auditory sense) in CNS*
Bipolar
58
*Processing cell body, PNS sensory neurons, dorsal root ganglia*
Psuedounipolar
59
*Motor signal doesn't pass through*
Ganglia
60
*Bundle of nerve fibers in CNS*
Tract
61
*Bundle of nerve fibers in PNS*
Nerve
62
*Bundles of cell bodies in CNS (motor)*
Nuclei
63
*Bundles of cell bodies in PNS (sensory)*
Ganglia
64
*Neuromuscular junction between nerve + muscle communication*
Synapse
65
*3 major parts of a neuron*
Dendrite, soma, axon
66
*Myelinate in CNS*
Oligodendrocytes
67
*Phagocytosis in CNS*
Microglial cells
68
*Enters cell when it's excited*
Na+ (sodium)
69
*All motor/ most CNS neurons*
Multipolar
70
*Gaps between myelin sheath, where signal is received, made from schwann cells*
Nodes of Ranvier
71
*Separates nerve and muscle*
Neurotransmitter

Anatomy & Physiology Unit 2 (3 decks)

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