Nervous System

Question 1

CNS stands for..

Answer 1

The central nervous sytem

Question 2

PNS stands for…

Answer 2

The peripheral nervous system

Question 3

What is the nervous system?

Answer 3

How the body responds to internal and external changes

Question 4

What is a nerve?

Answer 4

Nerve fibres and bundles of axons

Question 5

What do nerve endings do?

Answer 5

Connect sensory neurons to receptor cells or sense organs

Question 6

What are dendrites?

Answer 6

Fibres that carry impulses towards the cell body

Question 7

What do axons do ?.

Answer 7

Carry impulses away from cell bodies

Question 8

Function of Schwann cells?

Answer 8

Produce the myelin sheath

Question 9

What is the myelin sheath?

Answer 9

Fat rich layer that insulates electric impulses

Question 10

What is the cell body?

Answer 10

Contains nucleus and organelles.
Mitochondria provide energy and movement of nerve impulses

Question 11

Steps carried out by the nervous system …

Answer 11

Reception
Transmission
Integration
Response

Question 12

Reception is when..

Answer 12

Stimulus is detected by receptors

Question 13

What are receptors?

Answer 13

Specialised cells that detect changes in the environment

Question 14

What happens during transmission?

Answer 14

A message passes along the neurons from the brain to the thalamus

Question 15

What happens during integration?

Answer 15

Messages are sorted and processed
A response is decided upon by the CNS

Question 16

How is response carried out?

Answer 16

By effectors when stimulated by the neurons

Question 17

Name the 3 types of neurons

Answer 17

Sensory neuron
Motor neuron
Interneuron

Question 18

Function of the sensory neuron

Answer 18

Takes a message from a sense organ to the CNS

Question 19

Function of the motor neuron

Answer 19

Takes a message from the CNS to a muscle or gland

Question 20

Function of the interneuron

Answer 20

Carries information between sensory neuron and Morton neurons

Question 21

What do effectors do?

Answer 21

Carry out a response in muscles or glands

Question 22

What is a neuron?

Answer 22

A nerve cell specialised to carry information from 1 places to the other

Question 23

What is the threshold?

Answer 23

The minimum stimulus needed to cause an impulse to be carried in a neuron

Question 24

State the ‘all or nothing law’

Answer 24

If the threshold os reached , an impulse is carried if the threshold is not reached no impulse is carried

Question 25

What happens at the threshold?

Answer 25

The site of stimulation causes a change in permeability as the neuron becomes more permeable to Na ions , moving from outside to inside the membrane . As this change begins more of the neuron becomes permeable. By this , impulses travel on and pumps Na ions black out

Question 26

What are the nodes of ranvier?

Answer 26

The location (only)for the change in permeability and movement of ions. It speeds up the transmission of impulse

Question 27

What is the synapse?

Answer 27

A region where 2 neurons come into close contact. Its made up of pre synaptic neuron and post synaptic neruons

Question 28

What is the synaptic cleft?.

Answer 28

A tiny gap between 2 neurons at the synapse. Neurotransmitter chemicals are secreted into it

Question 29

What is a neurotransmitter?

Answer 29

Chemicals released by swellings which diffuse across the synaptic cleft

Question 30

Examples of neurotransmitters are…….

Answer 30

Dopamine and acetylcholine

Question 31

What is the function of neurotransmitters?

Answer 31

They diffuse across the synaptic cleft.get broken down by enzymes.the products return to pre synaptic neuron.and are remade

Question 32

In the presynaptic what is the function of the mitochondria?

Answer 32

They remake the neurotransmitter chemicals as is has atp energy

Question 33

Cause of Parkinson’s disease…

Answer 33

Unknown

Question 34

WHat is Parkinson’s disease?

Answer 34

A lack of dopamine in the nervous system

Question 35

Hat are the symptoms of Parkinson’s?

Answer 35

Tremor Fixed stare Stiff joints

Question 36

What are treatments for Parkinson’s?

Answer 36

Medicine that mimics dopamine Physiotherapy