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Medical Terminology > Nervous System > Flashcards

Nervous System Flashcards

(110 cards)

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1
Q

affect

A

emotional state or mood

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2
Q

aura

A

subjective sensation that occurs prior to and signals the onset of a migraine headache or a seizure

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3
Q

bradykinesia

A

extreme slowness in movement

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4
Q

Brudzinski sign

A

Pt response in which neck flexion causes flexion of the hips when the pt is lying down in a supine position

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5
Q

central nervous system

A

nerve tissue that comprises the brain and spinal cord

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6
Q

cerebral concussion

A

brief loss of consciousness or brief episode of disorientation or confusion following a head injury

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7
Q

cerebral contussion

A

injury involving bruising of brain tissue

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8
Q

contrecoup

A

rapid acceleration-deceleration injury of the brain that bruises of the front and back of the brain

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9
Q

corpuscallosotomy

A

surgical procedure in which the central part of the brain is partially divided in two

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10
Q

embolic

A

caused by a moving mass in a blood vessel (embolus)

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11
Q

fasciculation

A

visible involuntary muscle twitching

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12
Q

fibrillation

A

spontaneous muscle contraction or quivering

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13
Q

homeostasis

A

state of equilibrium in the body

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14
Q

Kernig sign

A

reflexive hamstring contraction and pain when attempting to extend the leg after flexing the hip

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15
Q

motor nerves

A

nerves involved in movement

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16
Q

myelin

A

layer of phospholipids and protein that forms the myelin sheath of neurons and acts as electrical insulation

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17
Q

neuron

A

nerve cell

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18
Q

neurotransmitter

A

chemical that plays an important role in the nerve impulse transmission

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19
Q

nuchal rigidity

A

condition that involves pain ad stiffness of the neck and a resulting reluctance to flex the head forward

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20
Q

paresthesia

A

abnormal sensation

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21
Q

peripheral nervous system

A

portion of the nervous system outside of the CNS that conveys sensory and motor impulses

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22
Q

sensory nerves

A

nerves that convey sensory information

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23
Q

spinal fusion

A

surgical immobilization of adjacent vertebrae

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24
Q

thrombotic

A

caused by a blood clot

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25
transection
cutting
26
cerebr/o | encephal/o
brain
27
cerebrovascular
pertaining to the brain and vessels
28
encephalocele
herniation of the brain
29
gli/o
glue or gluelike
30
glioma
gluelike tumor
31
mening/o
meninges
32
meningitis | meningi/o
inflammation of the meninges
33
meningioma
tumor of the meninges
34
myel/o
spinal cord; bone marrow
35
myelography
process of recording activity in the spinal cord or bone marrow
36
neur/o
nerve
37
neurocytoma
tumor of the nerve cells
38
spin/o
spine
39
spinal
pertaining to the spine
40
a- | an-
without
41
aphasia
absence of speech
42
anesthesia
absence of sensation
43
dys-
pain or difficult
44
dysphagia
painful or difficult swallowing
45
hemi-
half
46
hemiplegia
paralysis of half of the body
47
micro
small
48
microcephaly
small head
49
poly-
many, much
50
polyneuritis
inflammation of many nerves
51
para-
beside or near; two
52
paraplegia
paralysis of two legs
53
quadri-
four
54
quadriplegia
paralysis of four legs
55
-al
pertaining to
56
-algia
pain
57
neuralgia
nerve pain
58
-cele
herniation
59
meningomylocele
herniation of the meninges and spinal cord
60
-eal
pertaining to
61
meningeal
pertaining to the meninges
62
-esthesia
sensation
63
hyperesthesia
increased sensation
64
-logist
specialist in the study of
65
neurologist
specialist in the study of nerves
66
-logy
study of
67
neurology
study of nerves
68
-paresis
slight or partial paralysis
69
hemiparesis
slight or partial paralysis of half of the body
70
-pathy
disease
71
neurpathy
disease of the nerves
72
-phagia
swallowing
73
-phasia
speech
74
dysphasia
difficult speech
75
-plegia
paralysis
76
blepharoplegia
paralysis of the eye or eyes
77
-ptosis
drooping
78
blepharoptosis
drooping of the eyelid
79
-trophy
nourishment or growth
80
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
chronically progressive, degenerative neuromuscular disorder that destroys motor neurons of the body; also called Lou Gehrig disease
81
Bell palsy
disorder of the seventh cranial nerve that causes temporary weakness or paralysis of one side of the face
82
carpal tunnel syndrome
syndrome that is characterized by pain or numbness of the median nerve in the hand and forearm and caused by nerve compression and inflammation due to cumulative trauma from repetitive motion
83
encephalitis
disorder that involves inflammation of the brain
84
encephalomeningitis
disorder that is a combination of encephalitis and meningitis
85
epilepsy
chronic disorder of the brain marked by recurrent seizures, which are repetitive abnormal electrical discharges within the brain
86
Huntington chorea
hereditary nervous disorder that leads to bizarre, involuntary movements and dementia
87
meningitis
infection of the meninges, the spinal cord, and the cerebrospinal fluid, usually caused by an infectious illness
88
migraine headache
familial disorder marked by episodes of throbbing, severe headache that is commonly unilateral and sometimes disabling
89
multiple sclerosis
chronic autoimmune disease that affects the CNS causing inflammation and degeneration of the myelin sheath that protects the nerve fibers
90
Parkinson disease
chronic, degenerative disease of the CNS that results in movement disorders and changes in cognition and mood
91
peripheral neuropathy
dysfunction of nerves that transmit information to and from the CNS with resulting pain, altered sensation, and muscle weakness
92
poliomyelitis
inflammation of the spinal cord caused by a virus, possibly resulting in spinal and muscle deformity and paralysis
93
sciatica
severe pain of the sciatic nerve that radiates from the buttocks to the feet
94
shingles
unilateral, painful vesicles that appear on the upper body and are caused by the herpes zoster virus
95
spinal stenosis
disorder that involves narrowing of an area of the spine that puts pressure on the spinal cord and nerve roots
96
stroke
sudden loss of neurological function due to vascular injury to the brain; also called cerebrovascular accident (CVA) and brain attack
97
transient ischemic attack
temporary impairment of neurological functioning due to a brief interruption in blood supply to a part of the brain
98
ALS
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
99
CNS
central nervous system
100
CSF
cerebrospinal fluid
101
CT
computed tomography
102
CVA
cerebrovascular accident; also called stroke or brain attack
103
EEG
eletroencephalography
104
EMG
electromyogram
105
ICP
intracranial pressure
106
LP
lumbar punture
107
MRI
magnetic resonance imaging
108
MS
multiple sclerosis
109
PNS
peripheral nervous system
110
TIA
transient ischemic attack

Medical Terminology (6 decks)

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