Nervous System

Question 1

Nerve net

Answer 1

Simple nervous system in invertebrates, diffuse mesh of simple branching nerve cells

Question 2

Ganglia

Answer 2

Distinct Cluster of cell bodies of neurons

Question 3

Neurons

Answer 3

Cells that make up nerves

Question 4

Neuroglia

Answer 4

Nervous tissue cells that structurally and metabolically support neurons, can reproduce

Question 5

Cell body

Answer 5

Nucleus and cytoplasmic components of cell

Question 6

Dendrites

Answer 6

Signal input, slender extension from cell body of neuron

Question 7

Axon

Answer 7

Action potentials, conductors, endings are transmitters

Question 8

Sensory neurons

Answer 8

Detects stimulus and relays info about it

Question 9

Motor (effector) neurons

Answer 9

Relays commands from brain or spinal cord to muscle and gland cells

Question 10

Interneurons

Answer 10

Neuron of brain or spinal cord

Question 11

Polarization

Answer 11

Sodium on outside, potassium on inside, signals transferred from neuron to neuron through action potential

Question 12

Threshold

Answer 12

Minimum amount of change in resting membrane potential that will trigger an action potential

Question 13

Action potential

Answer 13

Abrupt, brief reversal of resting membrane potential of neuron

Question 14

Hyper polarization

Answer 14

Increase in charge difference of action potential

Question 15

Sodium potassium pump

Answer 15

positive Sodium outside, negative potassium inside

Question 16

Refractory period

Answer 16

Interval after an action potential where a patch of neural membrane in insensitive to stimulation

Question 17

Axon bulb

Answer 17

Endings of axons, transmit signals

Question 18

Neurotransmitter

Answer 18

Signaling molecules secreted by neurons, acts on cell next to it and then is degraded or recycled

Question 19

Synaptic integration

Answer 19

Combining of all excitatory or inhibitory signals arriving at a neuron

Question 20

Synapse

Answer 20

Gap between neurons,

Allows neuron to pass electric or chemical signal to another cell

Question 21

Acetylcholine

Answer 21

Neurotransmitter in Cns and pns

Question 22

Epinephrine

Answer 22

Hormone and neurotransmitter, strong emotions

Adrenaline

Question 23

Norepinephrine

Answer 23

Neurotransmitter, increases heart rate and sugar level

Question 24

Dopamine

Answer 24

Neurotransmitter, happy calm rewards

Question 25

Serotonin

Answer 25

Neurotransmitter, sleep

Question 26

Schwann cells

Answer 26

Neuroglia cell that Wraps around axons like a jelly roll

Question 27

Myelin sheath

Answer 27

Series of Shwann cells

Question 28

Nodes of rancher

Answer 28

Breaks in myelin sheath

Question 29

Salatory conduction

Answer 29

Action potentials jumping from node to node

Question 30

Central nervous system

Answer 30

Brain and spinal cord

Question 31

Peripheral nervous system

Answer 31

Nerves and ganglia leading into and out of CNS

Question 32

Somatic nervous system

Answer 32

Nerves leading from Cns to skeletal muscles

Question 33

Autonomic nervous system

Answer 33

Nerves going to smooth muscles in organs

Question 34

Sympathetic nervous system

Answer 34

Autonomic nerves that deal with times of heightened awareness

Question 35

Parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 35

Autonomic, slows body activities to focus on basic tasks

Question 36

Afferent

Answer 36

Conveying impulses to Cns

Question 37

Efferent

Answer 37

Acting out signals from Cns

Question 38

Cerebrum

Answer 38

Voluntary activities Sensory information Largest

Question 39

Cellebellum

Answer 39

Muscle activity and refinement of movement | Coordination

Question 40

Hypothalamus

Answer 40

Homeostasis Secretes hormones Regulates pituitary gland

Question 41

Medulla

Answer 41

Involuntary actions

Question 42

Pons

Answer 42

Connects parts of brain | Contains respiratory center

Question 43

Midbrain

Answer 43

Visual and auditory reflexes

Question 44

Thalamus

Answer 44

Sensory relay center for conducting information between spinal cord and cerebrum

Question 45

Cerebral cortex

Answer 45

Thin surface area of cerebral hemispheres, coordinates responses to sensory info

Question 46

Corpus callosum

Answer 46

Band of axons linking 2 cerebral hemispheres