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H&N Anatomy Quiz 2 > Nervous System > Flashcards

Nervous System Flashcards

1. Identify the major divisions of the nervous system 2. Review major lobes of the brain and their respective functions3. Define afferent and efferent fiber 4. Identify the major principles of the somatic and autonomic nervous system (75 cards)

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1
Q 
What nervous system?
Brain
Brainstem: midbrain, pons, medulla
Cerebellum
Spinal Cord
A

Central Nervous System (CNS)

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2
Q

What nervous system?
Cranial nerves
Spinal nerves
Ganglia

A

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

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3
Q

What is the master organ of the CNS?

A

brain

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4
Q

Name the 4 parts of the brain

A

Cerebrum and its telencephalon
Diencephalon (thalamus/hypothalamus)
Brainstem
Cerebellum

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5
Q

Responsible for speech, language, thought, emotion, motor and sensory functions

A

Cerebrum and its telenchephalon

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6
Q

Relays information to appropriate brain centers for processing and controls the hormones secreted by the pituitary gland

A

Diencephalon (thalamus and hypothalamus)

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7
Q

Involuntary reflexes and crucial life functions such as heart rate, breathing, and blood pressure

A

Brainstem

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8
Q

Coordinates muscle movement and controls balance

A

Cerebellum

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9
Q

The cerebrum is composed of # major divisions

A

4

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10
Q

Name the divisions of the cerebrum

A

Frontal, temporal, parietal, occipital

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11
Q

Orbitofrontal cortex is the main area of inhibitions of impulsive behaviors

A

Frontal lobe

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12
Q

Pre-central gyrus: primary motor cortex

A

Frontal lobe

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13
Q

Broca’s area

A

located on the left side, enables us to form words

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14
Q

Interpretation of auditory information to enable us to understand words

A

Temporal

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15
Q

Main site of visual interpretation

A

Parietal lobe

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16
Q

Major role in pursuit eye movements (following an object as it moves) and saccadic eye movements

A

Parietal lobe

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17
Q

Primary sensory cortex

A

Parietal lobe

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18
Q

Contains the primary visual cortex that allows for vision to occur

A

Occipital lobe

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19
Q

brainstem attaches to the inferior aspect of the bran and is continuous with ________

A

spinal cord

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20
Q

Name the 3 parts of the brainstem

A

Midbrain
Pons
medulla oblongata

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21
Q

The brainstem sits in what region of the occipital bone?

A

clivus

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22
Q

“little brain”

A

cerebellum

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23
Q

responsible for balance and coordination. Gives smoothness to our movements

A

cerebellum

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24
Q

Are the vertebrates deep or superficial to the meninges

A

deep

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25
The spinal cord runs down what foramen?
foramen magnum
26
The spinal cord ends at what vertebrate?
1st or 2nd lumbar
27
How many pairs of spinal nerves do we have at the end of the spinal cord?
31
28
The 31 spinal nerves exit via the _____ foramina
intervertebral
29
The pens can be subdivided into these two categories
Somatic and visceral
30
This system allows the organism to voluntarily interact with its environment
Somatic nervous system
31
Regulates the activity of internal organs with its environment
Visceral or autonomic nervous system
32
T/F: Both somatic and autonomic nervous systems have efferent and afferent nerves
Truuuuuu
33
Innervation is distributed to structures in the body wall for voluntary control of body movements
Somatic nervous system
34
Controls skin and skeletal muscle movements
Somatic nervous system
35
Innervation is distributed to visceral structures in body wall and cavity for (mostly) involuntary control of body functions
Visceral/ autonomic nervous system
36
This system controls smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, glands, striated muscle from the brachial arch origin (skeletal muscle arising from special embryologic origin)
Visceral/ autonomic nervous system
37
The somatic nervous system controls these structures
Skin and skeletal muscle
38
The visceral nervous system controls these structures
Smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, glands, striated muscle from the brachial arch origin (skeletal muscle arising from special embryological origin)
39
Afferent nerve fibers carry information _____ to the CNS
Back
40
Efferent nerve fibers carry information _______ from the CNS
Away
41
These nerve fibers carry information away from the central nervous system
Efferent nerve fibers
42
Carry information back to the central nervous system
Afferent nerve fibers
43
Name the type of afferent nerve fibers
General afferent, visceral afferent, special afferent
44
Name the type of efferent nerve fibers
General efferent and visceral efferent nerve fibers
45
Conscious sensation from skin, skeletal mucosa, and gland mucosa
General afferent
46
Unconscious sensation from visceral and blood vessels
Visceral afferent
47
Vision, hearing, balance, taste, smell (special senses)
Special afferent
48
Innervation of striated muscle
General efferent
49
All skeletal muscle except for brachial arch muscles of head and neck
General somatic efferent
50
Brachial arch Musc.,e of head and neck (the only skeletal muscles that are innervated by autonomic nervous system)
Special visceral efferent
51
Innervation of smooth muscle and glands
Visceral efferent
52
Visceral/ autonomic can further be divided into
Sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems
53
The autonomic nervous system controls the ______ organs of the body.
Internal
54
The _______ system carries information about the the viscera to the CNS via the _______ pathway and controls the action if the internal organs via the _______
Autonomic nervous system, afferent pathway, efferent
55
This nervous system plays a big role in homeostasis
Autonomic nervous system
56
This nervous system plays an essential role in keeping the body’s _____ environment in proper balance
Internal
57
While the autonomic nervous system plays a huge role in maintaining the body’s internal environment, it also
Emotional experience and expression
58
Increased blood pressure and heart rate, dry mouth, butterflies are a result of activity from what system
Sympathetic nervous system
59
What are the two types of efferent fibers of the visceral (autonomic) system
Sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers
60
These fibers control the body’s response during perceived threat, responsible for “fight of flight” response, body speeds up, tenses up, increase heart rate, decreased sensation from glands, dilated pupils
Sympathetic fibers
61
These nerve fibers are in charge of controlling the body’s response while at rest, responsible for the rest and digest response, body slows down (decreased heart rate, increased secretion from glands, constricted pupils)
Parasympathetic fibers
62
Controls body response during perceived threat
Sympathetic fibers
63
Fight or flight
Sympathetic
64
Increased heart rate, decreased section from glands, dilated pupils
Sympathetic nerves
65
Control body’s response while at rest
Parasympathetic fibers
66
Rest and digest
Parasympathetic nervous system
67
Sympathetic fibers originate in the
Spinal cord
68
When sympathetic fibers exit the spinal cord, they synapse in ______ , which are found on either side of the spinal cord
Sympathetic ganglia
69
The _________ is fibers will leave the sympathetic ganglia and will hitchhike along different nerves in order to reach their target organs
Post-ganglionic fibers
70
Sympathetic nerves traveling to the head and neck region synapse in the
Superior cervical ganglion
71
The parasympathetic fibers originate in the ______ of specific cranial nerves that are found in the __________
Nuclei, brain stem
72
The ______ fibers will travel within the nerves from which the parasympathetic fibers originate
Pre-ganglionic fibers
73
Pre-ganglionic fibers will synapse in _________ that are found close to their target organ, and the __________ will then hitchhike sling a different nerve to reach their target organs
Parasympathetic ganglia, post-ganglionic
74
Collection of cell bodies outside of the CNS
Ganglion
75
Synapse for the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system have their specific ganglia where synapses take place between the _______ fibers and ______ fibers
Pre-ganglionic, post-ganglionic fibers

H&N Anatomy Quiz 2 (7 decks)

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