Nervous System

Question 1

What does the nervous system do?

Answer 1

Controls and is the communicating system of the body

Question 2

How does the nervous system communicate?

Answer 2

using electrical impulses, which are rapid and specific and cause almost immediate response

Question 3

What other system does the nervous system work with?

Answer 3

endocrine to regulate and maintaining body homeostasis

Question 4

What is sensory input?

Answer 4

sensory receptors monitor changes occurring both inside and outside the body. These changes are called stimuli.

Question 5

What is intergration?

Answer 5

processes and interprets sensory information and decides what should be done

Question 6

What is motor output?

Answer 6

it then effects, or causes a response by activating muscles and glands

Question 7

What does the nervous system consist of?

Answer 7

the brain
spinal cord
peripheral nerves

Question 8

What are the three parts of the brain?

Answer 8

brainstem
cerebellum
cerebrum

Question 9

Describe the cerebrum

Answer 9

right and left hemispheres

joined by corpus callosum.

Question 10

What are the functions of the cerebrum?

Answer 10

initiation of movement
coordination
temp
touch
vision
hearing
judgment
problem solving
learning

Question 11

Describe the frontal lobe of the cerebrum.

Answer 11

it is involved in memory and reasoning, speech, thought, emotion and skilled movements

Question 12

Describe the hypothalamus

Answer 12

involved in motivation and regulation and the intergration of many metabolic and autonomic processes.

Controls body temp, hunger, thirst, and circadian cycles and links the nervous and endocrine systems

Question 13

What is a foramen?

Answer 13

an opening that allows the passage of structures from one region to another

Question 14

Describe the spinal cord

Answer 14

concerned with reflex actions involving the body below the neck, conducting sensory impulses from skin and muscles to the brain and carries motor impulses from the brain to muscles below the neck

Question 15

how many pairs of spinal nerves are there?

Answer 15

36

Question 16

what are mixed nerves?

Answer 16

provide a 2 way communication system between the zonal cord and parts of the arms, legs, neck and trunk of the body

Question 17

how many cervical nerves are there?

Answer 17

8 pairs C1-C8

Question 18

how many thoratic nerves are there?

Answer 18

12 pairs T1- T12

Question 19

how many lumbar nerves are there?

Answer 19

5 pairs L1-L5

Question 20

how many sacral nerves are there?

Answer 20

5 pairs S1-S5

Question 21

How many coccygeal nerves are there?

Answer 21

1 pair

Question 22

Describe a neuron?

Answer 22

consist of a cell body and dendrites (extensions) and an axon or nerve fibre, which carries information from the cell body to or from the CNS

Question 23

What are further characteristics of a neuron?

Answer 23

extremely long lived but cannot undergo mitosis and divide

high metabolic rate needing continuous glucose and oxygen

Question 24

What to sensory nerves/ neurons do?

Answer 24

carry stimuli from peripheral areas to the zonal cord and downwards to the brain

Question 25

What do motor nerves are neurons do?

Answer 25

carry stimuli from the spinal cord to striated muscles to initiate contraction

Question 26

what are somatic sensory fibres?

Answer 26

sensory fibres delivering impulses from the skin, skeletal muscles, and joints

Question 27

What are the nerves from the internal organs called?

Answer 27

visceral sensory fibres

Question 28

What does the PNS do?

Answer 28

it keeps the CNS informed of events going on in and outside of the body

Question 29

What is the characteristic of the sympathetic division?

Answer 29

the system as a whole is usually stimulated | fear, flight or fight

Question 30

Example of the sympathetic nervous system

Answer 30

eye: dilation of the pupil lungs: dilation of bronchioles bladder: increased muscle tone uterus: contraction in pregnant women, relaxation in non pregnant women

Question 31

What is the characteristic of the parasympathetic division

Answer 31

limited parts of he system are stimulated | resting and digesting

Question 32

Examples of the parasympathetic division?

Answer 32

eye: constriction of pupil lungs: constriction of bronchioles bladder: increased contraction

Question 33

What are the adaptations to the nervous system in pregnancy>

Answer 33

pregnancy hormones do affect the CNS but it is not well understood these things happen due to the altered output of the endocrine system: musculo-skeletal discomforts sleep disturbances alterations in sensation