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From Flashcardlet > Nervous System- Anatomy > Flashcards

Nervous System- Anatomy Flashcards

0
Q

What are the glial cells of the PNS

A
  1. Schwann cells: form myelin sheath and help with axon regeneration
  2. Satellite cells: regulate fluid interaction to PNS ganglia
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1
Q

What are the Glial cells of the CNS

A
  1. Oligodendrocytes: form myelin sheath
  2. Ependymal: line ventricles and canals; form and move CSF
  3. Microglia: protection
  4. Astrocytes: blood-brain
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2
Q

2 types of reflex arcs

A
  1. Automonic: smooth and cardiac muscle- happens automatically
  2. Somatic: skeletal muscles
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3
Q

Where can CSF be found?

A

In subarachnoid space, central canal, ventricles

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4
Q

What is the choroid plexus and where is it located?

A

Located in roof of the 4 ventricles

Makes CSF from fluid in the capillaries that is processed by ependymal cells.

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5
Q

Conus medullaris

A

Where spinal cord stops ( roughly L1-L2)

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6
Q

Filum terminale

A

Connective tissue that connects cord to coccyx

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7
Q

What does the gray meter in the spinal cord contain?

A

-cell bodies of motor, and inter neurons,and neuroglia

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8
Q

What type of neurons does the dorsal horn contain?

A

Inter neuron cell bodies

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9
Q

What type of neurons does the ventral horn contain?

A

Motor neuron cell bodies

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10
Q

What makes up the brain stem?

A

Midbrain
Pons
Medulla oblongata

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11
Q

Function of medulla

A

Regulate cardiac, vasomotor, respiratory

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12
Q

Function of pons

A

Help control breathing

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13
Q

Function of midbrain

A

Help control movement through both visual and auditory

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14
Q

What makes up the diencephalon?

A

Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Epithalamus

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15
Q

Function of thalamus?

A

Post office for incoming signals

All but olfactory run through here

16
Q

Function of the Hypothalamus?

A

Controls endocrine system and pituitary gland
Directs homeostasis: hunger, thirst, temp
Emotional patterns
Sleep/wAke cycles

17
Q

Function of epithalamus?

A

Pineal gland secretes melatonin which induces sleep

18
Q

Function of cerebellum?

A

“Autopilot”

Skeletal muscle coordination, balance, equilibrium

19
Q

Purpose of cerebellar peduncles?

A

Carry info between midbrain and cerebellum

- all fibers are ipsillateral(same side)

20
Q

What is limbic system?

A
  • considered the emotional brain

- controls emotional states, memories and behavioral drives

21
Q

Amygdala

A

Part of limbic system that consolidates emotions like fear,anger,pleasure, love

22
Q

Cingulate gyrus

A

Expresses emotions through gestures and interprets Pain

23
Q

Hippocampus

A

Facilitates memory

24
Q

Purpose of RAS

A

(Reticular activating system)

  • maintains consciousness and alertness
  • runs through core of brain stem
  • filters sensory input when sleeping
25
Q

What part of the cerebrum analyzes sensory information?

A

Right hemisphere

26
Q

What part of cerebrum deals with logic, reading, and writing?

A

Left hemisphere

27
Q

What are basal nuclei and where are they found?

A

Pockets of cell bodies in the cerebral gray matter

- help start or stop movement of skeletal muscles

28
Q

Where is the white matter in the brain?

A

On inside and corpus callosum is made up of it

29
Q

Function of frontal lobe?

A
  • primary motor area (pre-central gyrus)
  • reasoning, solving, working memory (pre-frontal cortex)
  • motor area for speech (Broca’s area)
30
Q

Function of temporal lobe?

A
  • auditory info from ears
  • primary olfactory area
  • hippocampus: memory
  • amygdala: social and other emotions
31
Q

Function of parietal lobe?

A
  • info from somatic senses like touch and pain
  • wernickies area: UNDERSTAND speech and reading
  • posterior association area: “body sense”
  • gustatory: on roof of lateral sulcus
32
Q

Function of occipital lobe?

A

Receives and processes info from the eye

33
Q

Function of Insula and location?

A
  • deep in lateral sulcus

- influences equilibrium

34
Q

What do the ventral rami supply?

A
  • anterior and lateral neck and truck

- limbs

35
Q

What do the dorsal rami supply?

A

Dorsum of neck and back

36
Q

What is a dermatome?

A

Area of skin innervated by the cutaneous branches of a single spinal nerve

From Flashcardlet (21 decks)

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