Nervous System II Part 2 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Nervous System II Part 2 Deck (38)
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1
Q

Histamine is commonly known for its ______ actions

A

Paracrine

2
Q

ADHD causes lower glucose metabolism in areas of brain that control

A

Attention, movement

3
Q

Cholinergic fibres release…

A

Ach

4
Q

Amphetamines promote the release of?

A

Norepinephrine

5
Q

Adrenergic fibres are found in the _____, and _______________

A

CNS; neuromuscular junction between nerves and smooth muscle in autonomic nervous system

6
Q

Serotonin has ____ different receptor types

A

at least 16

7
Q

Schizophrenia is linked to excess….?

A

Dopamine

8
Q

Sleeping pills, anti-anxiety meds, and alcohol are all examples of ______ agonists

A

GABA

9
Q

Two types of receptors for ACH

A

Nicotinic and muscarinic

10
Q

Histamine is mostly located in the ______

A

Hypothalamus

11
Q

Parkinson’s is treated by administration of dopamine precursor…?

A

L-dopa

12
Q

Most common biogenic amines

A

Catecholamines

13
Q

Serotonin has an _____ effect involved in muscle control

A

excitatory

14
Q

Acetylcholine is synthesized from….

A

Acetyl CoA and choline

15
Q

__________ neurons contain dopamine

A

Dopaminergic

16
Q

Parkinson’s disease causes….?

A

Deficiency of dopamine in basal nuclei

17
Q

___________ results in degeneration of cholinergic neurons

A

Alzheimer’s

18
Q

Damage to ____ and _______ receptors are seen after stroke, brain trauma, hypoxic brain damage

A

glutamate and aspartate

19
Q

Dopaminergic neurons re present in the _______

A

substantia nigra and VTA of midbrain

20
Q

Drugs that bind to a receptor work in a similar action as NT are called?

A

Agonist

21
Q

______ is the most CNS inhibitory NT

A

GABA

22
Q

Agents that enhance GABA synaptic activity also ______ CNS activity

A

Depress

23
Q

Ephinephrine binds to ___ and ____ receptors

A

Alpha; beta

24
Q

Drugs that bind to a receptor and block NT are called?

A

Antagonists

25
Q

Highest serotonin activity seen during _____

A

Alert wakefulness

26
Q

Cell bodies for catecholamines lie in ________ and continue on to _______

A

Brain stem; branch extensively into all parts of brain and spinal cord

27
Q

Long term effects of cocaine at neural adaptation level

A

Desensitization of receptors, down regulation of receptors, decreased dopamine production

28
Q

Catecholamines play a major role in

A

States of consciousness, mood, motivation, directed attention

29
Q

Major transmitter in CNS and PNS

A

ACH

30
Q

Serotonin has important functions in regulation ______ and ________ mechanisms

A

Food intake and homeostatic mechanisms

31
Q

ADHD is characterized by a decreased blood flow and activity in the ______ cortex of the _______ lobe

A

Prefrontal cortex of the frontal lobes

32
Q

________ fibres contain norepinephrine

A

Adrenergic

33
Q

Glutamate and aspartate and ______ a.a.’s

A

excitatory

34
Q

Two major classes of adrenergic receptors

A

Alpha and beta

35
Q

ADHD is a deficiency in ______

A

NE and DA

36
Q

Biogenic Amines: synthesized from ____, and contain ______ group

A

Amino acids; amino group

37
Q

Cholinergic system plays major role in _______, _______ and ______

A

Attention, learning, memory

38
Q

Cocaine acts by… at synapse

A

Binds competitively with dopamine reuptake transporter