Nervous system intro: Brachial Plexus I

Question 1

Name the major components of the nervous system

Answer 1

CNS, PNS, ANS

Question 2

What structures make up the CNS?

Answer 2

Brain and spinal cord

Question 3

What structures make up the PNS?

Answer 3

Cranial nerves and spinal nerves

Question 4

What structures make up the ANS?

Answer 4

Sympathetic and para sympathetic

Question 5

Name characteristics of the CNS

Answer 5

• unpaired, bilaterally symmetrical structures extending along the longitudinal axis of the midsagittal plane of the body
• structures arising directly from the neural tube

Question 6

Name characteristics of the PNS

Answer 6

made up of transmission pathways carrying information between CNS and external/internal environments
-includes afferent and efferent pathways

Question 7

What is the main function of CNS and PNS

Answer 7

Sensory
motor
cognitive

Question 8

What does the PNS include?

Answer 8

Cranial nerves (12 pairs)
Spinal nerves (31 pairs)
-sensory receptors in skin and wall of gut tube as well as in tendons and skeletal muscles 
-motor end plates between motor neurons and skeletal muscle fibers

Question 9

Name characteristics of ANS

Answer 9

• may be considered a subdivision of the PNS
• entirely motor
• Innervates smooth muscle and glands

Question 10

Name the ANS subdivisions

Answer 10

Sympathetic system

parasympathetic system

Question 11

What is the sympathetic system?

Answer 11

• fight or flight

- also called the thoracolumbar

Question 12

What is the parasympathetic system

Answer 12

• feed and breed

- also called the craniosacral

Question 13

Describe the general development pattern of the CNS

Answer 13

Neural plate
neural folds
neural tube

Question 14

list the major derivatives from the cranial end of the neural tube

Answer 14

Tripartite brain

pentapartite brain

Question 15

Name the parts of the Tripartite brain

Answer 15

prosencephalon- telencephalon and diencephalon
mesencephalon
rhombencephalon- metencephalon and myelencephalon

Question 16

name the parts of the telencephalon primordia

Answer 16

lumina-lateral ventricles (I,II)
Floor- basal ganglia (nuclei) and olfactory lobes and nerves
Roof- cerebral hemispheres

Question 17

Name the parts of the Diencephalon primordia

Answer 17

lumen- third ventricle
roof-epithalamus
walls-thalamus
floor-hypothalamus and infundibulum

Question 18

Name the parts of the mesencephalon primordia

Answer 18

lumen-cerebral aqueducts
roof- tectum
floor- tegmentum

Question 19

name the parts of the mesencephalon primordia

Answer 19

lumen- part of fourth ventricle
roof-cerebellum
floor-pons

Question 20

name the parts of the myencephalon primordia

Answer 20

lumen- rest of fourth ventricle
main part- medulla oblongata
roof- posterior choroid plexus

Question 21

What is the terminology for the spinal cord

Answer 21

ependymal zone=ventricular zone

mantle layer= intermediate zone

Question 22

what is the nucleus when discussing the nervous system?

Answer 22

aggregation of dendrites and nerve cell bodies in the CNS

Question 23

what is a ganglion when discussing the nervous system?

Answer 23

aggregation of dendrites and nerve cell bodies in the PNS

Question 24

what is a nerve when discussing the nervous system?

Answer 24

bundle of fibers (axons) in the PNS

Question 25

what is a tract when discussing the nervous system?

Answer 25

bundle of fibers (axons) in the CNS

Question 26

what is a commissure when discussing the nervous system?

Answer 26

tract in the CNS that crosses from one side to the other

Question 27

what is the white matter when discussing the nervous system?

Answer 27

areas of myelinated axons

Question 28

what is the gray matter when discussing the nervous system?

Answer 28

areas of unmyelinated axons, cell bodies, and dendrites

Question 29

Spinal nerve branches consists of what?

Answer 29

``` -dorsal primary ramus ventral primary ramus -ramus recurrens -white ramus communicans -gray ramus communicans ```

Question 30

What are the subdivisions of the spinal cord when seen as a cross-section?

Answer 30

Horns and columns

Question 31

The horns that make up the spinal cord consist of what?

Answer 31

Areas of gray matter

Question 32

The columns that make up the spinal cord consist of what?

Answer 32

Areas of white matter