Nervous System Part 1

Question 0

Dendrite?

Answer 0

Receiving end.

Question 1

Cell Body?

Answer 1

Contains a nucleus.

Question 2

Axon?

Answer 2

Sending end.

Question 3

Synapse?

Answer 3

Site of communication.

Question 4

Neuroglia?

Answer 4

Support, nourish, protect.

Question 5

Myelin Sheath?

Answer 5

Fatty protective sheath around neuron, DHA.

Question 6

Nodes of Ranvier?

Answer 6

Space between sections of myelin.

Question 7

Schwann Cell?

Answer 7

Form the myelin sheath in the PNS, support cell.

Question 8

Oligodendrocytes?

Answer 8

Myelinates CNS cells.

Question 9

Gray Matter?

Answer 9

Unmyelinated.

Question 10

White Matter?

Answer 10

Myelinated.

Question 11

Resting Membrane Potential?

Answer 11

Voltage across plasma membrane, -70mV

Question 12

Depolarization?

Answer 12

The coming together of separated charges across a membrane.

Question 13

Repolarization?

Answer 13

The separating charged across a membrane.

Question 14

All or None Principle?

Answer 14

As long as the depolarization is strong enough to depolarize to threshold, the Na+/K+ gates open and the action potential occurs, the peak is always the same.

Question 15

Continuous Conduction?

Answer 15

Unmyelinated axons, slower.

Question 16

Saltatory Conduction?

Answer 16

Leaping in myelinated axon, faster.

Question 17

GABA?

Answer 17

Inhibitory.

Question 18

Ach?

Answer 18

PSNS slows HR by release of Ach to inhibit sympathetic, cholinergic, cognitive functions & memory, digestive, saliva.

Question 19

NE?

Answer 19

Arousal, dreams, moods, monoamine, sympathetic response, affected by MAOI’s.

Question 20

Dopamine?

Answer 20

Emotional responses, addiction, pleasure, regulates skeletal m. tone, Parkinson’s disease, monoamine.

Question 21

Serotonin?

Answer 21

Sensory perception, temperature regulation, mood, appetite, onset of sleep, made from tryptophan, hormone activity.

Question 22

Endorphins?

Answer 22

Natural pain killers, euphoria, pleasure.

Question 23

Sympathetic Trunk?

Answer 23

In thoracic spine, nerve that controls sympathetic response.

Question 24

Craniosacral?

Answer 24

Nerves for parasympathetic control exit the spine in the cranial region and sacral region, use Ach as neurotransmitter.

Question 25

Sympathetic Response?

Answer 25

Reacts to mental and physical stress.

Question 26

Sympathetic Response- Pupils?

Answer 26

Dilated.

Question 27

Sympathetic Response- Heart Rate?

Answer 27

Increase.

Question 28

Sympathetic Response- Blood Pressure?

Answer 28

Increase.

Question 29

Sympathetic Response- Airways?

Answer 29

Expand.

Question 30

Sympathetic Response- Blood Flow?

Answer 30

To skeletal muscle.

Question 31

Sympathetic Response- Liver?

Answer 31

Glycogen breakdown.

Question 32

Parasympathetic Response- Heart Rate?

Answer 32

Decreased.

Question 33

Parasympathetic Response- Blood Pressure?

Answer 33

Decreased.

Question 34

Parasympathetic Response- Lacrimal Glands?

Answer 34

Increase.

Question 35

Parasympathetic Response- Pancreas?

Answer 35

Increase.

Question 36

Parasympathetic Response- Liver?

Answer 36

Detoxification/ fat processing.

Question 37

Parasympathetic Response- Pupils?

Answer 37

Constrict.

Question 38

Parasympathetic Response- Digestion?

Answer 38

Increase.

Question 39

Parasympathetic Response- Bladder?

Answer 39

Urination.

Question 40

Parasympathetic Response- Blood Flow?

Answer 40

To digestive organs.

Question 41

Duramater?

Answer 41

Outer later, "hard mother".

Question 42

Arachnoid Matter?

Answer 42

Middle layer, spider-web type arrangement.

Question 43

Pia Mater?

Answer 43

Delicate, innermost layer, sits directly on CNS.

Question 44

Cauda Equina?

Answer 44

Terminus of spinal cord, about L1.

Question 45

Ventral Horn?

Answer 45

Motor, exit anterior spinal cord.

Question 46

Dorsal Horn?

Answer 46

Sensory, exit posterior spinal cord.

Question 47

Ascending Tract?

Answer 47

From body to brain, sensory.

Question 48

Descending Tract?

Answer 48

From brain to body, motor.

Question 49

Nerve Pathway?

Answer 49

1) Called reflex in the PNS. | 2) Called tract in the CNS.

Question 50

IVF?

Answer 50

Ntervertebral foramina, space where spinal nerves exits out through the spinal column.

Question 51

Plexus?

Answer 51

Recombination of nerves after they exit the spinal cord.

Question 52

Brainstem?

Answer 52

Medulla oblongata, pons, midbrain.

Question 53

Diencephalon?

Answer 53

Thalamus, hypothalamus, pineal gland.

Question 54

Cerebrum?

Answer 54

Entire area above brainstem & diencephalon.

Question 55

Cerebral Cortex?

Answer 55

Gray matter on the outside.

Question 56

Cerebellum?

Answer 56

Posterior to brainstem.

Question 57

CSF (Cerebral Spinal Fluid)?

Answer 57

Clear, carries oxygen, glucose, removes waste.

Question 58

Choroids Plexus?

Answer 58

Special capillary network in 4th ventricle for CSF production.

Question 59

Arachnoidvilli?

Answer 59

Fingerlike extension in arachnoid matter to absorb CSF back into blood.

Question 60

Superior Sagital Sinus?

Answer 60

Vein that drains majority of CSF from brain.

Question 61

Thalamus ?

Answer 61

Relay station, acquisition of knowledge, cognition, main consciousness.

Question 62

Hypothalamus- Control ANS?

Answer 62

Smooth & cardiac muscle.

Question 63

Hypothalamus- Pituitary?

Answer 63

Release of several hormones.

Question 64

Hypothalamus- Emotion & Behavior?

Answer 64

Rage, aggression, pain, pleasure, sex.

Question 65

Hypothalamus- Eating & Drinking?

Answer 65

Thirst (osmotic pressure), hunger.

Question 66

Hypothalamus- Body Temperature?

Answer 66

Directs blood flow.

Question 67

Hypothalamus- Circadian Rhythm?

Answer 67

Wake & sleep.

Question 68

Pineal Gland?

Answer 68

Melatonin & biorhythms, light inhibits production -> waking state, dark allows productions -> sleep state.