Nervous System Unit Test

Question 1

what are the functions of the nervous system?

Answer 1

• interprets a stimulus and how to respond
• maintains homeostasis (37 degrees)
• basic life functions
• relaxed state vs fright or flight response
• higher order function (cognition, thinking, memory)

Question 2

what does afferent mean?

Answer 2

sensory input

Question 3

what is sensory input?

Answer 3

• touch
• smell
• taste
• balance
• vision
• hearing

Question 4

what is efferent mean?

Answer 4

motor output

Question 5

what is an example of motor output

Answer 5

muscle contraction

Question 6

what is the central nervous system composed of?

Answer 6

brain and spinal cord

Question 7

what is the CNS protected by?

Answer 7

• skull
• skin/skin
• muscle
• meninges
• cerebral spinal fluid

Question 8

what is meninges?

Answer 8

protective coverings of the brain

Question 9

what are the three meninges in order from the outside of the head to the closest to the brain?

Answer 9

dura mater
arachnoid
pia meter

Question 10

what is the peripheral nervous system composed of?

Answer 10

cranial and spinal nerves which carry sensory and motor to the CNS

Question 11

how is the PNS further divided?

Answer 11

somatic nervous system

autonomic nervous system

Question 12

what is the somatic nervous system

Answer 12

it is under conscious control, such as movement or sensations

Question 13

what is the autonomic nervous system

Answer 13

governs internal organs (arteries, sweat glands, heart rate)

Question 14

how does the autonomic nervous system further divide?

Answer 14

the sympathetic nervous system

the parasympathetic nervous system

Question 15

what is the sympathetic nervous system?

Answer 15

fright, flight or fight response

Question 16

what is the parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 16

relaxed response

Question 17

what is the nervous system made up of?

Answer 17

neurons

Question 18

what are nervous support cells called

Answer 18

glia cells

Question 19

how is information carried through a neuron

Answer 19

through an electrical impulse

Question 20

what is another name for this electrical message

Answer 20

action potential or nerve impulse

Question 21

what is the synapse between neurons

Answer 21

the small space between the axon and the cell body of a neuron

Question 22

how is a message passed through the synapse

Answer 22

chemically

Question 23

what is a neurotransmitter

Answer 23

a substance released from synaptic knobs in the end buttons of the presynaptic cell

Question 24

what is an example of three neurotransmitters

Answer 24

• serotinin
• endorphins
• dopamine

Question 25

what is localization

Answer 25

when a specific behaviour is traced to a specific area of the brain

Question 26

what is a gyrus

Answer 26

a hill in the brain

Question 27

what is a sulcus

Answer 27

a dip into the brain

Question 28

what is a fissure

Answer 28

deep vallies in the brain

Question 29

what separates the frontal lobe from the parietal lobe

Answer 29

the central fissure

Question 30

what separates the parietal lobe from the occipital lobe

Answer 30

longitudinal fissure

Question 31

what separates the temporal lobe from the rest of the brain

Answer 31

lateral fissure

Question 32

what is the area in the brain responsible for speech called

Answer 32

brocha's area

Question 33

what is the area in the brain responsible for hearing called

Answer 33

hershel's gyrus

Question 34

what is the area in the brain responsible for understanding and language called

Answer 34

wernicke's area

Question 35

what does the medusa oblongata do

Answer 35

responsible for breathing, heart rate, blood pressure

Question 36

what does the thalamus do

Answer 36

relay station for sensory output

Question 37

what does the hypothalamus do

Answer 37

autonomic NS body temp appetite thirst

Question 38

what does the pituitary gland do

Answer 38

secretes hormones that influence a variety of functions

Question 39

what are 3 examples of neurological disorders

Answer 39

``` stroke tumours epilepsy alzheimer's MS ```

Question 40

what is epilepsy

Answer 40

disturbance of electrical activity in the brain