nervous test Flashcards by Jessica Kohntopp

what are the 3 parts of neurons?

cell body
dendrites
axon

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what are neurons?

Basic element of nervous system

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How many nerve cells are in the human body?

100 Billion

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nervous system function

directs the functions of all human body systems, carry messages from the brain to the rest of the body

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What are the 3 types of neurons?

Efferent (motor)
Afferent (sensory)
Interneurons

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Neuron bundles =…

nerves

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what do Neuroglias do?

Support, connect, protect, and remove debris

Form blood-brain barrier

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Neuroglias consists of…

brain
spinal cord
Center of Control

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CNS Functions (central nervous system)

receives and interprets all stimuli
sends nerve impulses
causes voluntary and involuntary actions

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4 Brain divisions…

brainstem
cerebellum
cerebrum
diencephalon

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Brainstem parts

Midbrain
Pons
Medulla Oblongata

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What does the midbrain control?

visual reflexes

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What does the pons control?

certain respiratory functions

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What does the medulla oblongata control?

regulates heart and lung functions
swallowing
vomiting
coughing
sneezing

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cerebellum does what?

coordinates musculoskeletal movement

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Cerebrum has…

2 hemispheres
cerebral cortex
four lobes

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what is the diencephalon?

the deep portion of the brain

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diencephalon contains…

thalamus

hypothalamus

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diencephalon controls…

heart rate
blood pressure
temperature regulation
water and electrolyte balance
digestive functions
glandular activates

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Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) does what?

fills area between brain and cranium

cradles and cushions the brain

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Spinal cord is protected by…

cerebrospinal fluid
vertebral column
meninges

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Meninges layers

Dura Mater (outer layer)
Arachnoid Mater (middle layer)
Pia Mater (innermost layer)

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Cords have…

12 cranial nerves and 31 pairs of spinal nerves

Peripheral Nervous Systems 2 subsystems..

Somatic Nervous system

Autonomic Nervous System

Somatic nervous system..

receive and process sensory input from skin, muscles, tendons, joints, eyes, tongue, nose, and ears

Autonomic Nervous system..

carry impulses from the central nervous system to glands, various involuntary muscles, cardiac muscle, and membrane

(Autonomic Nervous System) sympathetic...

- Operates when the body is under stress - Activates responses necessary to react in dangerous or abnormal situations - fight or flight response

(autonomic nervous system) Parasympathetic...

Operates to keep the body in homeostasis under normal conditions

concussion

injury to the brain caused by an impact with an object

Spina Bifida

a defect in the spinal cord in which the cord and/or its covering protrude outside the vertebrae

hydrocephalus

an over production of CSF in the brain

Cerebral Palsy

cerebral damage during birth or gestation

Alzheimer's disease

progressive degenerative of neurons in brain

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Lou Gehrig's disease, ALS

degenerative disease of the motor neurons

multiple sclerosis

destruction of the myelin sheath

myasthenia gravis

overproduction of antibodies keep neurotransmitter from sending proper nerve impulse

Parkinson's disease

degenerative of nerves in the brain

epilepsy

abnormal conditions in the brain cause sudden excessive electrical activity

Tourette syndrome

neurological dysfunction

meningitis

inflammation of the meninges

encephalitis

inflammation of the brain from a viral infection

hemiplegia

paralysis on one side of the body | usually due to stroke

Paraplegia

paralysis from the waist down caused by accident/injury

Quadriplegia

paralysis from the neck down

BOM

bilateral otits media

EENT

eye ear nose throat

Ent

ear nose throat

Exam

examination

I&D

incision and dranage

overdose

ophth

ophthalmic

left eye

right eye

o.u

each eye

PERPLA

pupils equal round, react to light and accommodation

by mouth

REM

rapid eye movement