nervous tissue

Question 1

what function senses a change in stimuli

Answer 1

sensory function

Question 2

what function analyzes changes and makes decisions on what should happen?

Answer 2

integrative function

Question 3

what function responds to stimuli after the decision is made?

Answer 3

motor function

Question 4

what does the central nervous system(cns) consist of?

Answer 4

brain and spinal cord

Question 5

what does peripheral nervous system(pns) consist of?

Answer 5

all other nervous system structures

Question 6

PNS is divided into what 2 other systems?

Answer 6

somatic and autonomic nervous system(SNS, ANS)

Question 7

what system controls the voluntary movements of skeletal muscles?

Answer 7

somatic nervous system(SNS)

Question 8

what does the autonomic nervous system(ANS) control?

Answer 8

smooth muscles, cardiac muscle, and glands (involuntary)

Question 9

what 2 systems is the autonomic nervous system divided into?

Answer 9

sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous divisions

Question 10

activated in stressful situations aka “fight or flight” and during times of physical activity

Answer 10

sympathetic division

Question 11

what would the activation of the sympathetic division result in?

Answer 11

pounding heart, rapid/deep breathing, cold/sweaty skin, dilated pupils

Question 12

what division controls resting and non-stressful situations aka “rest and digest”?

Answer 12

parasympathetic

Question 13

what are the 2 major categories of cells found in the nervous system?

Answer 13

glial cells and neurons

Question 14

what are the supporting cells of the nervous system, also known as neuroglia?

Answer 14

glial cells

Question 15

what are the 6 types of glial cells?

Answer 15

astrocytes, ependymal cells, microglia, oligodendrocytes, Schwann cells, satellite cells

Question 16

which type of glial cell helps regulate which substances from the blood can reach neurons? what system is this involved with?

Answer 16

astrocytes, cns

Question 17

astrocytes promote the formation of tight junctions between epithelial cells of capillaries forming the what?

Answer 17

blood-brain barrier

Question 18

what does the blood-brain barrier regulate? and where does it move into?

Answer 18

movements of materials from the blood, into brain and cerebrospinal fluid(csf)

Question 19

which glial cell type: cells with cilia produce and move cerebrospinal fluid

Answer 19

ependymal cells

Question 20

which glial cell type: phagocytes within the CNS

Answer 20

microglia

Question 21

which glial cell type produces myelin within the CNS? within PNS?

Answer 21

oligodendrocytes; schwann cells

Question 22

which glial cell type surrounds neuron cell bodies with ganglia

Answer 22

satellite cells

Question 23

each neuron consists of what?

Answer 23

cell body, 2 types of processes(axon and dendrites)

Question 24

what does the cell body contain? cell body also known as?

Answer 24

nucleus, organelles, and cytosol; soma

Question 25

clusters of cell bodies within the CNS are called what?

Answer 25

nuclei

Question 26

clusters of cell bodies within the PNS are called what?

Answer 26

ganglia

Question 27

which part of the neuron receives electrical impulses?

Answer 27

dendrites

Question 28

what part of the neuron carries electrical impulses away from the cell body?

Answer 28

axon

Question 29

where does the axon carry electrical impulses towards?

Answer 29

another neuron, muscle fiber, or gland cells

Question 30

what are the bulb shaped ends of the axon called?

Answer 30

presynaptic terminal

Question 31

what does the presynaptic terminal contain? what does this store?

Answer 31

synaptic vessels; neurotransmitters

Question 32

what are most axons surrounded by?

Answer 32

myelin sheaths

Question 33

myelin sheaths insulate what? speed up the conduction of what?

Answer 33

neuron; nervous impulses

Question 34

nervous impulses are also known as

Answer 34

action potentials

Question 35

what are myelin sheath formed by in the CNS?

Answer 35

oligodendrocytes

Question 36

what are myelin sheaths formed by in the PNS?

Answer 36

schwann cells

Question 37

what is it called when adjacent oligodendrocytes OR schwann cells meet?

Answer 37

interruption in the myelin sheath

Question 38

what is the interruption in the myelin sheath called

Answer 38

nodes of ranvier

Question 39

what type of channels do the nodes of ranvier contain?

Answer 39

bunches of Na and K channels

Question 40

what are neurons that have axons covered with myelin sheath called? not covered with myelin sheaths?

Answer 40

myelinated neurons; unmyelinated neurons

Question 41

how do action potentials travel along the axons of myelinated neurons? unmyelinated neurons?

Answer 41

saltory conduction; continuous conduction

Question 42

regions of the CNS that consist of mainly myelinated axons? (typically white in color)

Answer 42

white matter

Question 43

regions of CNS that consist of mainly cell bodies and unmyelinated axons?(typically gray in color)

Answer 43

gray matter

Question 44

what are sensory neurons also referred to as?

Answer 44

afferent neurons

Question 45

sensory neurons conduct action potentials towards or away the CNS?

Answer 45

towards

Question 46

what are motor neurons also referred to as?

Answer 46

efferent neurons

Question 47

motor neurons conduct action potentials towards or away the CNS?

Answer 47

away

Question 48

what are interneurons also referred to as?

Answer 48

association neurons

Question 49

how do interneurons conduct action potentials within the CNS?

Answer 49

from one neuron to another

Question 50

what structural classification would have on axon and many dendrites?

Answer 50

multipolar neurons

Question 51

what structural classification would have one axon and one dendrite?

Answer 51

bipolar neurons

Question 52

what structural classification would have one axon and no dendrites?

Answer 52

unipolar neurons