NET-05-P1 IP & Routing Concepts

Question 1

The most common numbering system consists of ten numbers, 0-9 and it is called the decimal system. The system is based on the 10 fingers we used to count and is known as the base-10 numeral system

Answer 1

Decimal

Question 2

is an alternative number system that consists of only two numbers:0 and 1. This system is used by computers, which communicate by transmitting negative and positive electrical currents

Answer 2

Binary

Question 3

is a number system that consists of 16 characters, and is known as the base-16 numeral system.

Answer 3

Hexadecimal

Question 4

Formula for Positional Notation

Answer 4

[number] = [digit] * [base] ^ [position]

Question 5

divide the binary number into groups of 4 digits

Answer 5

Binary to Hex

Question 6

8 numbers in the binary conversion table

Answer 6

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

Question 7

Data, devices (end and intermediary), media,

Answer 7

refer to panopto video for answer

Question 8

enable inter-network communication, and can provide services such ACL and NAT, which are required in any networking scheme

Answer 8

Routers

Question 9

operates at a speed of 100 mbps and uses the media standard 100BaseT

Answer 9

Fast Ethernet Interface

Question 10

supports speeds faster than 1000 mbps. uses media standard 1000baseT but can also support 100 mbps

Answer 10

Gigabit Ethernet Interface

Question 11

used for long distance transmissions. If two serial ports need to communicate with each other, they must be synchronized with the same clock frequency and allocate the necessary bandwidth

Answer 11

Serial Interface

Question 12

multiple people sharing to a group

Answer 12

multicast

Question 13

a backdoor or service entrance into a router

Answer 13

Console

Question 14

devices need rules. router interfaces need to be set up with IP addresses, similar to computer network interfaces

Answer 14

Interface Configuration

Question 15

virtual or logical interface under router that is not physical

Answer 15

Loopback interface

Question 16

provision your physical interface and put an IP address

Answer 16

Loopback interface configuration

Question 17

sharing in a group amongst everyone

Answer 17

Multicast

Question 18

one person sharing to everyone

Answer 18

broadcast

Question 19

moves packet to one LAN to another LAN

Answer 19

Router

Question 20

In the first step, the router decides whether to process a packet or ignore it. Routers will ignore packets with errors, or packed they don’t know how to process

Answer 20

Routing Process: Examination

Question 21

In the second step, the router examines the Layer 2 address to decide if the packet was intended for itself (the default gateway), and verifies the integrity of the frame using the FCS (Layer 2 trailer

Answer 21

Routing Process: Decapsulation

Question 22

In the third step, The router decides where to forward the packet to, based on its destination IP address and the routing table

Answer 22

Routing Process: Decision-making

Question 23

In the fourth step, the router re-encapsulates the packet with new Layer 2 Leaders for the next hop, according to the decision made in step 3. (Think of encapsulate like an envelope. Like writing a love letter or a voice message into a packet. If it is well formed it will go through. if not it will not be sent.)

Answer 23

Routing Process: Encapsulation

Question 24

In the fifth step, after a decision is made, the router forwards the packet to the interface from which the packet must exit

Answer 24

Routing Process: Forwarding

Question 25

If there is no static or dynamic route in the network device's routing table, it will forward the packet to its default gateway or last resort

Answer 25

No Route

Question 26

If there is no gateway of last resort and the destination packet is not listed, the router will discard the packet

Answer 26

No gateway

Question 27

This table contains data stored in the router, with lists of routes to possible network destinations

Answer 27

The Routing Table

Question 28

This command displays the routing table and is run in Enable Mode

Answer 28

Show IP route

Question 29

When inspecting the routing table, records identified by the codes C or L indicate directly connected networks

Answer 29

Directly Connected / Local Route

Question 30

This route in the Routing table codes are configured and recorded manually, and are identified in the routing table by the letter S

Answer 30

Static Route

Question 31

This route in the Routing table codes are identified with unique letters that indicate the dynamic protocol as Follows: D - EIGRP routing protocol O - OSPF routing protocol R - RIP routing protocol

Answer 31

Dynamic Route

Question 32

addresses consist of 32 bits for addressing and it is divided into 4 sections of 8 also called dotted decimal notation

Answer 32

IPv4

Question 33

is also 32 bits and to tell the computer what portion of the IP address is for the network

Answer 33

Subnet Mask

Question 34

divides IPv4 space into 5 classes, based on the 4 Leading address bits

Answer 34

Classful Addressing

Question 35

What are Private IP addresses also called

Answer 35

RFC1918 - Request for Comment

Question 36

What are the Private IP Ranges

Answer 36

10. 0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255 - Large networks - A 172. 16.0.0 - 171.31.255.255 - medium networks - B 192. 168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255 - small networks - C

Question 37

has larger IP space - 128 bits - represented with hexadecimal

Answer 37

IPv6

Question 38

first step: a full address contains all 8 blocks, with 4 hexadecimal digits

Answer 38

Compressing IP addresses: Full address

Question 39

second step: The first rule allows us to discard leading zeros in a block, making the address a bit shorter

Answer 39

Compressing IP addresses: Leading Zeros

Question 40

third step: If two or more blocks contain consecutive zeros, they can be omitted and replaced with double colon signs (::)

Answer 40

Compressing IP addresses: Consecutive Zeros

Question 41

fourth step: if there is a block that consists of 4 zeros, but without a consecutive zero-filled block, it can be replaced with a single zero

Answer 41

Compressing IP addresses: Zero Block

Question 42

IPv6 unicast addresses that can be assigned to multiple devices.

Answer 42

Anycast

Question 43

similar to IPv4 public address and is unique and can be routed via internet

Answer 43

Global Unicast

Question 44

FE80::/`10 hint: Fetty Wap

Answer 44

Link-local