Net. 1: Ch 3 Flashcards
Elements of Communication
- Message Source/Sender
- Destination/Receiver
- Channel-media
- Message
frame
format of a message sent over a network: Layer2OSI / Network Layer TCPIP
segmenting
breaking down frames to meet min/max size req. over a network.
access method
system to allow all systems on a network to know when to start sending message streams and how to handle errors
flow control
method that regulates communications speed/timing between sender/receiver
TCP/IP Network Physical Model
Application Layer: Data PDU
Transport Layer: Segment PDU:TCP
Internet Layer: Packet PDU:IP
Network Access Layer: Bits PDU
OSI Reference Model
- Application Layer: Data
- Presentation Layer:Data
- Session:Data
- Transport Layer: Segment
- Network Layer: Packet
- Data Link Layer: Bit/Frame
- Physical Layer: Bit
Difference between TCP and UDP
Transmission Control Protocol confirms delivery User Datagram Protocol does not.
Network Address Translation
NAT: Translates addresses from private network to unique global IP: Layer 3
Address Resolution Protocol
provides dynamic address mapping between IP addresses and physical addresses. Layer 2.
Internet Society
ISOC: prompts Internet use/development and adoption through world.
Internet Architecture Board
IAB: manages/develops Internet standards:
Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)
Internet Research Task Force: IRTF
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
IEEE:standards creation board for vast majority of electrical / electronic devices
Electronics Industries Alliance
EIA:trade organization for electronics industries.
Telecommunications Industry Association
TIA:standards relating to radio, cell towers, satellite communication: collaborates with EIA.
International Telecommunications Union-Telecommunications Standardization Sector
ITU-T: helped define Internet Television Protocol, broadband communications, country codes for phone calls.
Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers
ICANN: non profit US based: coordinates IP address allocation, DNS, port numbers used in TCP/UDP
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
IANA: dept of ICANN oversees IP addresses and domain names.
Benefits of Layer Model
- assist i n protocol design
- fosters competition
- Layer changes dont drastically change other layers.
- provides common language to describe network functions.
2 Networking Models Types
- Protocol: model that closely resembles structure of protocol.
- Reference: describes what needs to be done but not how it needs to be done.
Benefits of Message Segmentation
- Different conversations can be interleaved on a network, allowing for more use simultaneously.
- Increases reliability of network through use of multiple paths.
multiplexing
process of interleaving messages on a network
protocol data units
form a piece of data takes at any layer within a model.
Data PDU
PDU at application layer (OSI 7-5)
