Network Flashcards
(35 cards)
What is a Network
A network is basically two or more computers that communicate with each other and
share information.
What is the difference between a LAN and a WAN
Local Area Network defines a small geographical area in which multiple
computers and other devices are connected. LANs can be set up in homes and small
businesses and can be managed individually or centrally
A Wide Area Network is spread across an unlimited geographical area and
connects between multiple LANs. WANs are usually managed by several service
providers.
What devices are typically included in a network?
Routers, switches, repeaters, hubs, gateways, bridges and APs
What is the function of a NIC?
A Network Interface Controller (NIC) allows endpoint devices to interact with other
devices over a network. Is both a physical layer and data link layer communication
What is the function of a switch?
A switch is a network device with physical ports to which endpoint devices can be
connected via Ethernet cables to create a network.
Switches use MAC addresses to pass information from one device to another.
Which OSI layer does a hub operate on?
The key difference between hubs, switches and bridges is that hubs operate at Layer 1 of the OSI model, while bridges and switches work with MAC addresses at Layer 2. Hubs broadcast incoming traffic on all ports, whereas bridges and switches only route traffic towards their addressed destinations.
What types of switches are there?
Layer 2 Switch - This is the most common and basic switch in use. It uses MAC
addresses to forward information to specific destinations within the network.
Layer 3 Switch - A layer 3 switch performs the same operations as a layer 2 switch but
can also function as a router if it is configured to do so.
What is the difference between collision and broadcast domains?
A collision domain is a network segment in which devices share the same physical transmission medium and can collide with each other when transmitting data. In a collision domain, only one device can transmit data at a time.
A broadcast domain is a network segment in which all devices can hear all broadcasts. A broadcast domain of a device consists of all the devices that can receive a broadcast message that is sent by any other device present in the domain.
What is half-duplex?
Half Duplex allows unidirectional traffic flow for peer-to-peer communicating parties.
Only one party can send or receive data at any moment. For example, a walkie-talkie is
performed in half duplex.
What is full-duplex?
Full Duplex allows bidirectional traffic flow for peer-to-peer communicating parties.
Both parties can send and receive data at the same time. For example, a phone call is
performed in full duplex.
What is the function of a router?
A router connects networks and allows communication between endpoint devices indifferent networks. Routers use IP addresses to route information among networks.
What is the function of a “firewall”?
A firewall is a network security system that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules. It acts as a gatekeeper by monitoring attempts to gain access to your operating system and blocks unwanted traffic or unrecognized sources. It acts as a barrier or filter between your computer and another network such as the internet.
What is the function of “media”?
Physical cables or wireless technologies used to connect or pass the information from one device to another.
Describe the make up of an ethernet cable.
Ethernet cables are a common type of network cable used with wired networks. They connect devices such as PCs, routers, and switches within a local area network. The cable is made up of four twisted pairs of copper wire and is typically terminated with an RJ-45 connector.
Describe the specifications of a Cat 6 Ethernet Cable.
MbpsMaximum length of 100m, maximum speed of 1 Gb/s
(Note: Supports 10 Gb/s for 55m)
What is UTP?
UTP - Unshielded Twisted-Pair is the most common copper cable in use. It consists of
four twisted pairs of colored wires. The act of twisting the wires is done to prevent
signal disruption (cross-talk).
What is STP
STP - Shielded Twisted-Pair cables are similar to UTP, but have additional protection
against EMI and RFI interferences. Each twisted pair is wrapped in foil.
What is EMI?
Electromagnetic interference (EMI) is unwanted noise or interference in an electrical path or circuit caused by an outside source. It is also known as radio frequency interference.
What is RFI?
Radio Frequency Interference is undesirable disturbance from electrical or electronic sources that interferes with radio frequency transmission.
What’s the difference between EMI and RFI?
The two terms are often used interchangeably, but to be specific EMI is any frequency of electrical noise, whilst RFI is electrical energy produced in the same frequencies used by radio transmission
What is a Network Topology?
A network topology describes the structure of a network.
It represents all the connections between all components in a network.
Several types of topologies can be used to construct networks
What are the 4 main network topologies?
Point-to-point, Star, Mesh and Hybrid
What is the 3-tier architecture?
A 3-Tier architecture consists of three layers that provide isolation between devices,
greater flexibility, more security options, and resilience.
The separate layers include:
Core – routing layer connecting to servers and the Internet.
Distribution – separation between core and access layers, and boundary control.
Access – communication between endpoint devices.
The layers can be managed independently without affecting other layers.
What is the difference between a MAC and an IP Address?
MAC address is the unique identity of a computer within a network
IP addresses are used to identify machines operating in different networks.
