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GCSE Computer Science > Network Connections And Protocols > Flashcards

Network Connections And Protocols Flashcards

1
Q

Which type of network has alternative routes for data if one fails to work?

A

Mesh

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2
Q

What can high network traffic lead to?

A

Collisions in data packets resulting in transmission errors and the packets having to be resent

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3
Q

When a browser requests access to a host, the client computer contacts ???

A

The DNS

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4
Q

How many bits are in an IPv4?

A

32

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5
Q

How many bits are in an IPv6?

A

128

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6
Q

Which type of transmission media is more expensive?

Cable or wireless

A

Cable

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7
Q

What type of network topology requires more cabling?

Star or mesh

A

Mesh

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8
Q

How do copper wires transmit data?

A

As electrical signals

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9
Q

What can a high number of users on a network cause?

A

Network congestion, slowing down the network.

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10
Q

What factors can affect network performance?

5 marks

A
  • Bandwidth
  • Number of users
  • Transmission media
  • Error rate
  • Latency
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11
Q

What does IP stand for?

A

Internet protocol

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12
Q

Which network topology has minimum network traffic?

A

Star

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13
Q

Which type of cabling transmits signals at a faster speed and over greater distances?

A

Fibre optic

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14
Q

Which network topography can you add more devices onto easily?

A

Star

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15
Q

What is bandwidth?

A

The maximum amount of data that can pass through the medium per second

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16
Q

What is a standalone computer?

A

A computer not connected to any network

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17
Q

What does LAN stand for?

A

Local Area Network

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18
Q

What is a LAN?

A

A network that covers a small geographical area usually located on a single site

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19
Q

What does WAN stand for?

A

Wide Area Network

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20
Q

What is a WAN?

A

A network that covers a large geographical area, often connecting LANs together

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21
Q

Who owns the hardware in a LAN?

A

The organisation using it

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22
Q

Who owns the hardware in a WAN?

A

Telecommunication companies who the connections are leased from.

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23
Q

What are LANs connected by?

A

Switches

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24
Q

What are WANs connected by?

A

Routers

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25
How does the transmission media affect the performance of a network?
Different types of transmission media have different bandwidths: - Wired has a higher bandwidth than wireless - Fibre optic has a higher bandwidth than copper
26
What is latency?
The delay from transmitting data to receiving it
27
What type of network topology is the internet?
Partial mesh
28
What is a client-server network?
Any network where computers are linked to a central server
29
What is a peer-to-peer network?
A network where the computers are interconnected and not linked to a server
30
What are the advantages of client-server networks?
- Easy to **manage** files - Easy to **backup** shared data - Easy to instal **software updates** to all computers
31
What are the disadvantages of client-server networks?
- Requires IT specialists to maintain - All users will lose access if the server fails
32
What are the advantages of peer-to-peer networks?
- Easy to maintain - Cheaper - No dependency on a single computer
33
What are the disadvantages of peer-to-peer networks?
- Network is less secure - Users will need to manage their own backups
34
What does a switch do?
- Connect each computer in a network - When a data packet arrives, it sends it to the right computer
35
What does a router do?
- Connects networks - Sends data packets to a network closer to it’s destination
36
What does NIC stand for?
Network Interface Card
37
What does WAP stand for?
Wireless Access Point
38
What does a NIC do?
Connect a device to a wired or wireless network
39
What does a wireless access point do?
Connect wired devices to a wireless network
40
What is the internet?
The worldwide connection of computer networks. The infrastructure not the content.
41
What is hosting?
The storing of files and data on a web server (the host)
42
What does DNS stand for?
Domain Name Server
43
What does a DNS do?
Convert a URL into an IP address
44
What is a host?
A server that stores files for other computers to access
45
What does URL stand for?
Uniform Resource Locator
46
What is the cloud?
Remote storage for data and files accessed through the internet
47
What are the advantages of cloud storage?
- You can access files from any location - Data is backed up for you - Larger storage capacity
48
What are the disadvantages of cloud storage?
- An internet connection is required to access data - Reliant on third party to carry out security procedures
49
What are the advantages of a star network?
- If one cable fails, then the other computers are not affected - Faster transfer of data due to less network traffic
50
What are the disadvantages of a star network?
- If the central switch fails, the whole network goes down
51
Describe the topology of a star network
Each node is connected to a central switch
52
What are the advantages of a mesh network?
- If one cable fails, there are alternative routes for data to travel - Data can be transmitted from different devices simultaneously
53
What are the disadvantages of a mesh network?
- Expensive to install cabling - Difficult maintenance and administration
54
What are the advantages of wireless networks?
- New nodes can be easily added - Users can move around and still be connected
55
What are the disadvantages of wireless networks?
- Limited range - Security risk, encryption needed - Slower transfer of data compared to wired networks
56
What is an IP address?
A unique address for each computer on a network
57
What is a MAC address?
A unique address assigned to each NIC
58
What is the difference between an IP address and a MAC address?
An IP address will change depending on the network and a MAC address will stay the same
59
What causes network congestion?
Insufficient bandwidth
60
What is an IPv4 address made up of?
4 sets of 3 digit numbers
61
What does TCP stand for?
Transmission Control Protocol
62
What does HTTP stand for?
Hypertext Transfer Protocol
63
What does HTTPS stand for?
Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure
64
What does FTP stand for?
File Transfer Protocol
65
What does SMTP stand for?
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
66
What does IMAP stand for?
Internet Message Access Protocol
67
What is TCP for?
To enable communication over the internet SPLITS DATA INTO PACKETS
68
What is HTTP for?
Governing communication between a web server and a client
69
What is the difference between HTTP and HTTPS?
HTTPS inclues encryption when data is transferred over the internet
70
What is FTP for?
Governing the transmission of files across a network
71
What is SMTP for?
Governing the sending of an email over a network to a mail server
72
What is POP?
An older version of IMAP
73
What is IMAP for?
Governing the retrieval of emails from mail servers
74
What is ethernet?
Data transmitted in frames on a LAN
75
What is protocol layering?
Splitting network process into individual functions
76
Give 2 reasons why protocols have layers
- To group together similar protocols - Each layer can be changed without altering other layers
77
What is the role of a client in a client-server network?
- Sends requests to the server - Does not store data for other computers to access
78
What is the role of a server in a client-server network?
- It receives and handles requests - It stores data hosted on the server

GCSE Computer Science (12 decks)

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