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Anatomy Review > Neuro > Flashcards

Neuro Flashcards

1
Q

APGAR

A

appearance/skin color, pulse rate, grimace, activity, respiration
scored 0, 1, or 2 max score of 10 at 1 and 5 min after birth

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2
Q

thalamus

A

center where sensation, movement, emotion, and memory converge

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3
Q

cerebellum

A

balance, smooth execution of movement, synergistic movement

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4
Q

basal ganglia

what happens if they are not working?

A

connect to motor cortex to regulate movement. if not working, have involuntary movements like chorea

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5
Q

functions of limbic system

A 
MOVE
Motivation and memory
Olfactory
Visceral, ANS
Emotions
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6
Q

Bulbar sign means…

A

brainstem and CN issue

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7
Q

What are the cranial nerves?

A

HINT : Oh oh oh tiny teens are for very good virgins special hips
olfactory optic oculomotor trochlear trigeminal abducens facial vestibulocochlear glossopharyngeal vagus spinal accessory hypoglossal

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8
Q

What part of the brain does the anterior cerebral artery supply?

A

medial surface of frontal and parietal lobes

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9
Q

What part of the brain does the middle cerebral artery supply?

A

lateral surface

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10
Q

What part of the brain does the posterior cerebral artery supply?

A

occipital

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11
Q

What is the mnemonic to remember if cranial nerve is sensory, motor, or both?

A

some say marry money but my brother says big boobs matter more.

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12
Q

what are deep tendon reflexes?

A

stretch of the muscle spindle

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13
Q

what is clonus?

A

involuntary contractions of opposing muscles causing a bouncing motion. tested in ankle.

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14
Q

What is a Babinski sign?

A

stroke lateral surface of foot and across heads of toes towards big toe. Normal response is toe flexion, abnormal response is toes fan out. Indicates neurological problem if seen in child or adult. Normal for infants.

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15
Q

hypertonia is a problem of what?

A

motor neurons

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16
Q

hypotonia is a problem of what?

A

cerebellum

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17
Q

what is a hemiballism

A

wild flinging of extremity, damage to subthalamic nucleus

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18
Q

what is athetosis

A

slow writhing movement, damage to all basal ganglia

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19
Q

what is dystonia

A

slow twisting motion, damage to all basal ganglia

20
Q

what is a tremor

A

quick oscillating movement AT REST, damage to substantia nigra

21
Q

dysmetria

A

poor measured movement-dmaged cerebellum

22
Q

dysdiadochokinesia

A

rapid alternating movement-damaged cerebellum

23
Q

ataxia

A

jerky movement-damaged cerebellum

24
Q

What is the Romberg test?

A

stand, close eyes, watch for sway or LOB

25
Q

DC/ML tract is for…
Ipsilateral or contralateral in SC?
is it sensory or motor?

A

PV2
prop, vibration, discriminative touch (2 point touch)
ipsilateral. crosses at medulla

26
Q

Spinothalamic is for…
Ipsilateral or contralateral in SC?
is it sensory or motor?

A

PTP
pain, temp, crude touch/pressure
contralateral. crosses in spinal cord

27
Q

Spinoreticular is for…
Ipsilateral or contralateral in SC?
is it sensory or motor?

A

slow burning pain-nociceptors

contralateral. crosses in spinal cord

28
Q

fasciculus cuneatus carries info from what part of the body?

fasciculus gracilis?

A 
FC = upper extremity
FG = lower extremity
29
Q

Spinocerebellar tract is for…

A

unconscious prop and pressure

30
Q

Corticospinal tract is for…
Ipsilateral or contralateral in SC?
is it sensory or motor?

A

voluntary movement of distal extremities
ipsilateral
motor

31
Q

what is an absence seizure?

A
32
Q

what is a tonic-clonic seizure?

A

1-3 min tonic phase-muscles stiffen

clonic phase- rapid rhythmic jerking

33
Q

What are infantile spasms?

A

< 15 seconds “drop attack”

loss of muscle tone, usually fall to ground

34
Q

when will basal ganglia d/o symptoms be present?

A

at rest, because are involuntary

35
Q

stage 1 parkinsons

A

mild.

36
Q

stage 2 parkinsons

A

both sides of body involved. balance ok

37
Q

stage 3 parkinsons

A

moderate impairment. slowing of reflexes but still independent

38
Q

stage 4 parkinsons

A

severe bilateral. can no longer live alone. festinating gait., balance and walking markedly impaired

39
Q

stage 5 parkinsons

A

advanced disease, complete immobility

40
Q

4 stages of alzheimers

A

mild- word finding
mod - problem solving
mod-severe - memory loss of well known material
severe - confused in familiar surroundings

41
Q

myasthenia gravis

A

autoimmune d/o resulting in progressive muscle weakness

42
Q

myasthenia gravis is very similar to…

A

MS

43
Q

post-polio

A

ascending muscle weakness. do NOT push through pain! causes additional muscle weakness!

44
Q

guillan barre syndrome

A

fast demyelination in peripheral nerves, ascending.

fatigue management!

45
Q

what does erb’s palsy affect?

A

upper trunk C5-6

46
Q

what does klumpke’s palsy affect?

A

lower trunk C8-T1

Anatomy Review (5 decks)

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