Neuro Flashcards
(31 cards)
2 therapeutic approaches in parkinson’s disease
increase dopamine
decrease acetylcholine
3 mechanisms of increasing dopamine action
increase dopamine levels
dopamine receptor agonists
increase dopamine release from neurons
levodopa MOA
prodrug that is converted to dopamine by dopa decarboxylase
purpose of carbidopa
carbidopa inhibits peripheral dopa decarboxylase to increase the amount of levodopa entering the CNS
peripheral ADRs of levodopa (3)
arrhythmia, changes in blood pressure, dyskinesias
central ADRs of levodopa (2)
psychosis, on/off effects
drug interaction with levodopa
vitamin B6 will decrease effectiveness of levodopa
COMT inhibitors (2)
tolcapone, entacapone
MOA of COMT inhibitors
increase dopamine levels by inhibiting metabolism
tolcapone
peripheral and central activity, hepatotoxicity
entacapone
peripheral activity only
MAO-B inhibitors (2)
selegiline
rasagiline
MOA of MAO-B inhibitors
increase dopamine levels by inhibiting metabolism
uses of MAO-B inhibitors
PD (initial or adjust with L-dopa)
MPTP-induced PD
ergot alkaloids
bromocriptine and pergoline
MOA of ergot alkaloids
D2 receptor agonist
ADR of ergot alkaloids
interact with a-receptors to cause vasoconstriction and gangrene, limiting use
non-ergot alkaloids
pramipexole, ropinirole
amantidine use in PD
increases dopamine release
unique ARDs of amantidine (2)
livedo reticularis
ataxia
muscarinic blockers MOA
block M-ACH receptors to decrease tremor and rigidity, little effect on bradykinesia
muscarinic blockers (3)
benztropine, trihexylphenidyl, diphenhydramine
acetylcholinesterse inhibitors (4)
donepezil
rivastigmine
galantamine
tacrline
which ACHE-I is competitive?
galantamine
