Neuro Flashcards
(162 cards)
different types of strokes
thrombotic
embolic
hemorrhagic
basics on thrombotic stroke
“stem” - distal of clogged vessel affected
risk factors for thrombotic stroke
HTN HLD DM Obesity Age Smoking Family hx
embolic stroke basics
clot from the heart due to afib
valve issue
dissection
carotid artery stenosis
MCA supplies
Face
Arms and Hands
Speech
ACA supplies
legs and feet
PCA supplies
visual cortex
basilar Artery compromise leads to
locked in
vertebral artery compromise leads to
syncope
cerebellum issues lead to
ataxia
cushing reflex basics and causes
bradycardia along with hypertension
seen in intracerebral hemorrhage
blood in the parenchyma =
intracerebral hemorrhage
blood around the brain =
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
next step after seeing a hemorrhagic stroke on non con CT head
decrease BP
send to ICU
if INR up —> give FFP
contact neurosurg
—> coil (SAH, clip or craniotomy
work up after ischemic stroke is dx on CT head noncon
EKG –> afib/a flutter - tx - warfarin or NOAC (no bridge)
2D Echo –> thrombus - tx - warfarin or NOA with bridge
Carotid US - carotid artery stenosis
- –> <70% and no symptoms - tx - medically
- –> >80 or >70 with symptoms - tx - endocardectomy or stent with 2weeks
contraindications to TPA
prior ICH
recent GI bleed or other major bleed
recent surgery
when can you give TPA
< 3 hrs
< 4 hrs if non diabetic
acute stroke tx
TPA if they meet requirements
ASA 325m
control DM
BP - permissive HTN (220/120)
chronic stroke tx
LMWH - if at risk for DVT
anticoagulate - if afib/flutter or valve
ASA 81 mg +/- dyprimadol or clopridogrel if resistant
HgbA1c < 8%
control BP with ACE-I or diuretics
def of generalized seizure vs partial
generalized - whole body is involved
partial - part of the body is involved
complex seizures vs simple seizure
complex - LOC
simple - no LOC
1st time seizure causes
V - vascular - CVA I - infection - meningitis/encephalitis T - Trauma - brain bleed A - autoimmune - SLE M - metabolic - BG, O2, Ca, Na, Mg I - ingestion/withdrawal ( etoh/benzos) N - neoplasm S - pSych, pSeudoseizures
signs and symptoms of a seizure
LOC with limb jerking
bowel and bladder incontinence
tongue biting
post ictal confusion
Most important signs of a seizure
post ictal state