Neuro Anatomy Flashcards
(26 cards)
CNS
- Brain: stem, cerebellum, thalamus, basal ganglia, cerebral cortex
- Spinal Cord
PNS
- cranial nerves
- spinal nerves
- autonomic nervous system (invol): sympathetic (norep), parasympathetic (acetylcho), enteric nervous system (GI fx)
PNS Dorsal Root
afferent sensory (input)
PNS Ventral Root
efferent motor (output)
EPSP
excitatory postsynaptic potential
“likely to fire”
IPSP
inhibitory postsynaptic potential
“less likely to fire”
Glial Cells
PNS: schwann cells, satellite cells
CNS: oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, ependymal cells, microglial
Schwann Cells
PNS
produce myelin
Satellite Cells
PNS
support function + structure of cell body
Oligodendrocytes
CNS
produce myelin
Astrocytes
CNS
nutrition
supple cells of blood brain barrier
maintain extracellular ion balance
recycle neurotransmitters
release “gliotransmitter” influence
release of glutamate
Ependymal Cells
CNS
line ventricles
produces CSF
Microglial Cells
CNS
protect brain illness + disease
Neurotransmitter Function
- rapid communication - trigger action potential + post synaptic neuron
- neuromodulation - influencing groups of neurons
Glutamate
excitatory (CNS)
GABA
inhibitory (CNS)
*most common
Acetylcholine
produced: CNS + PNS
regulate:
autonomic: PNS
parasympathetic: PNS
neuromodulation: CNS
projection: CNS + PNS
Norepinephrine
produced: CNS + PNS (ie. pons)
regulate:
sympathetic: PNS
neuromodulation: CNS
projections:
smooth muscle + cardiac muscle - PNS
entire CNS
Dopamine
produced: midbrain - substania nigra
projections:
cortical + subcortical regions
too much dopamine…
psychotic like symptoms
too little dopamine…
parkinsons like symptoms
Serotonin
produced: midbrain + pons
projection: CNS
Histamine
produced: hypothalamus
excitatory
projection: throughout CNS
brain stem
midbrain
pons
medulla
contain critical nuclei form + reticular formation
