Neuro anatomy pt 2 Flashcards
(49 cards)
What is the brain stem composed of
Midbrain,pons and medulla oblongata
What is the function of the brain stem
Automatic behaviour, higher and lower neural centers, associated with 10 pairs of cranial nerves.
What is the function of the midbrain
They are responsible for visual reflexes and auditory reflexes
What is the midbrain composed of
Two cerebral peduncles that motor tracts allow the cerebral aqueduct to run through.
What does the periaqueductal gray matter allow
allow pain suppression
What is the substantia nigra
It’s a precursor for dopamine,its a band like nucleus
What is the red nucleus
Rich vascular supply high in iron pigment that influence limb flexion
What is the function of the Pons
It is like a bridge, it communicates with the cerebellum.
What are the cranial nerves connected to the pons
The Trigeminal (V), anducens (VI) and facial VII.
What are parts of the pons
The reticular formation and others that involve respiration
What are the cranial nerves related to the medulla oblongata
The hypoglossal (XII) ,glossopharungeal (IX), vagus (X) and Vestibulochochlear nerve (VIII).
What is the function of the medulla oblongata
It is an automatic centre for homeostasis. it controls the cardiovascular, respiratory and other centers responsible for vomiting, hiccups etc.
What is the function of the cerebellum
Inputs cerebral motor cortex, brainstem nuclei and sensory receptors with timing and patterns.(unconscious control)
What are the 3 lobes found in the folia ( cerebellum)
Anterior,posterior and flocculonodular
What is the function of the anterior and posterior lobes
they have sensory map tha recives imput and control the output on the same body region. They coordinate muscle groups via the motor cortex. The proprioceptive,planning and instruction information.
What is the function of the flocculonodular lobes
Balance and some eye movements
What are the ipsilateral
Fibres entering and leaving the cerebellum
What are the sections of the cerebellum
The superior,middle and inferior
What is the function of the superior part of the cerebellum
Instructions sent to the cerebral motor cortex via the thalamus
What is the function of the middle part of the cerebellum
A one was communication from the pons to cerebellar neurons ( Voluntary movement)
What is the function of the inferior
Info to cerebellum from muscle proprioceptors (body and joints) , also balance.
What are the steps for cerebellar processing to fine-tune motor activity
- The cortex frontal motor association area indicates and initiates an action in the cerebellum
- The cerebellum receives proprioceptive, visual and equilibrium info.
- The cerebellar cortex receives the info and determines the best way to coordinate force, and direction for muscle contraction.
- The cerebellum sends the blueprint for coordination to the cerebral motor cortex, also output to the brain stem nuclei that projects in motor neurons.
What is the function of the limbic system?
The emotional-visceral brain. They link odours, memories and emotions. Ia a pathway for the hypothalamus.
What are the 3 parts of the limbic system
The amygdala, hippocampus and anterior cingulate gyrus.
