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Phase 2 PEDs > Neuro/Behavioral > Flashcards

Neuro/Behavioral Flashcards

(52 cards)

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1
Q

Wessels rule of three?

A

Colic definition
Crying >3h/d
Crying >3d/w
Crying >3w

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2
Q

Crying by age

A

1st 2wk - cries little
6w - 3hr/day
12w - 1/d

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3
Q

M-Chat is used to screen what? When?

A

Autism 18-24mo

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4
Q

Cerebral palsy is?

A

Non-progressive motor impairment due to brain anomalies/lesions before/after birth

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5
Q

Hemiparesis is?

A

Unilateral Arm/Leg (AKA - hemiplegia)

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6
Q

Diplegia is?

A

Motor impairment of legs (+- limited arms)

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7
Q

6 types of Cerebral palsy?

A 
Spastic
Dyskinetic 
Dystonic 
Choreathetotic
Ataxic
Mixed Cerebral Palsy
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8
Q

MC cerebral palsy?

A

Spastic Cerebral palsy

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9
Q

Spastic Cerebral palsy affects? what area of the brain?

A

Pyramidal

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10
Q

Extrapyramidal defects of the brain cause what types of cerebral palsy?

A

Dyskinetic (Dystonic or Choreathetotic)

Ataxic

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11
Q

Spastic Cerebral palsy is due to?

A

Injury to UMN of pyramidal tract

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12
Q

Spastic Cerebral palsy criteria?

A

At least 2/3

  • ABNL movement
  • Increased tone
  • Pathologic reflexes
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13
Q

Neonates w/ spastic Cerebral palsy often present as?

A

Hypotonic w/ brisk reflexes

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14
Q

Toddlers w/ spastic Cerebral palsy often present as?

A

Muscular hypertonicity (contractures)
Hyperactive DTRs
Scissor gait/toe walking

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15
Q

Clinical features of Cerebral palsy?

A

Basal ganglia involvement
ABNL - involuntary, uncontrolled, recurring movements
-(Athetoid/choreiform, INC w/ stress - gone w/ sleep)
Facial grimacing - dysarthria

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16
Q

Dyskinetic Cerebral palsy - Athetosis general hand position?

A

A-town down/gang

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17
Q

Dyskinetic Cerebral palsy - Chorea general hand position?

A

Extended up (stop hand)

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18
Q

Mixed Cerebral palsy indicates?

A

More than one type of motor pattern present

Ass/w sensory deficits, seizures, cog impairments

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19
Q

Ataxic Cerebral palsy is?

A

Cerebellar injury - ABNL posture/movement - loss coordination of muscles

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20
Q

Dystonic Cerebral palsy is?

A

Reduced activity and stiff movement

hypokinesia - hypotonia

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21
Q

Choreoathetotic Cerebral palsy is?

Study These Flashcards
A

Due to hyperbilirubinemia - increased stormy movements (Hyperkinesia) and Hypotonia

22
Q

Dx of Cerebral palsy?

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A 
Developmental delay w/ UMN signs
Persistent infantile reflexes
Asymmetric motor activity (Hand dominance <12mo)
Labs - UA - organic acids
Rad - Brain CT/MRI and EEG
23
Q

Signs of UMN issues?

Study These Flashcards
A

Brisk DTRs

Spasticity

24
Q

Cerebral palsy is ass/w what other d/o?

Study These Flashcards
A

MR and seizures mostly

  • sensory defects
  • ADHD
  • GERD
25
Cerebral palsy TXT?
PT Medical therapy (Decrease spasticity/co-morbids) Surgical
26
Rx to TXT Cerebral palsy spasticity?
Botox PO muscle relaxants Intrathecal Baclofen
27
Surgical therapy of Cerebral palsy?
``` Dorsal Rhizotomy (cut L5-S1 nerve roots) (incontinence) Selective osteotomies (reduce hip-dislocation) Superior-medial cortex implant (decrease brain activity) ```
28
Best factor of good prognosis of Cerebral palsy?
Nl mental fx
29
Dx of ADHD?
Several S/S present <12yo <16yo - >6 S/S >17yo - >5 S/S At least 6mo in 2 or more environments
30
NEPI-Reup inhibitor used for ADHD?
Atomoxetine (Strattera)
31
Oppositional vs Conduct d/o?
Oppositional - Irritable, argumentative, vindictive | Conduct - Basic rights of others/norms violated
32
Sleep length of PEDs?
Infants - 16-18h 1yo - 10-11h/d AND nap 2-3h/d 12yo - 9-10yo
33
Behavioral insomnia types?
Sleep-onset - (Infants/young) change in conditions than when child fell asleep causes insomnia Limit-setting - (preschool/older) Bedtime resisance
34
Parasomnias occurs in what stage of sleep?
NREM
35
MC pop of parasomnias?
Preschool children
36
Types of parasomnias?
Sleep walking Sleep/night terrors Confusional arousals
37
Difference between nightmare, night terror, confusion arousal?
Nightmares - Later in the night (REM) - remembers Night terror - Abrupt loud scream, Doesn't remember Confusion arousal - Like night terror, but less dramatic but longer
38
Can someone have parasomnia w/ nightmares that child remembers?
No - nightmares occur in REM, Night terrors occur in NREM
39
What is circadian rhythm d/o?
Inability to arouse in AM, cognition/emotional issues | MC of adolescence
40
Anorexia Nervosa presents as?
``` Wgt loss Lanugo/alopecia Brady-C Osteopenia Amenorrhea ```
41
Standout clues of Anorexia Nervosa
Restriction of calories unnecessarily Self perception disturbance Fear of wgt gain + behavior cause of it (diet, purge, PT)
42
Dx criteria of Anorexia Nervosa?
<85% body weight due to wgt loss Intenst fear Denial of seriousness Amenorrhea
43
TXT of Anorexia Nervosa?
1st step - feeding program | Admit PRN
44
Bulimia Nervosa is?
``` Binge eating episodes of - LRG quantites - Rapid consumption - Followed by vomiting Metabolic d/o due to excess vomiting/laxative/diuretics ```
45
Differences between Bulimia Nervosa and Anorexia Nervosa?
Bulimia Nervosa - Slightly over wgt - Enamel erosion / hand scrapes - Abuse laxatives/diuretics Anorexia Nervosa - Under-wgt! - Calorie/exercise programs
46
TXT of Bulimia Nervosa?
Nutrition, education, monitoring | Antidepressants
47
Electrolytes affected by Eating d/o's?
Hypokalemia Hypochloremia (Alkalosis)
48
Female athlete triad is?
Eating D/O Menstrual dysfx Osteoporosis
49
Pathophys of female athlete triad?
``` Too much exercise vs calories > Malnutrition > Body fat % is low > Shuts down HPA > Menstrual dysfx / osteoporosis ```
50
Eval of Female athlete triad?
HCG, Labs (CBC, TSH, ESR, CMP, FSH/LH, PRL) XR - femur, hip, spine DEXA scan
51
TXT of Female athlete triad?
``` PO OCP - restore menstruation Nutrition Lifestyle - decrease exercise WGT # is NOT a goal Supplement - Ca2, K+, Vit D ```
52
What is the only approved Rx to TXT child depression?
Fluoxetine

Phase 2 PEDs (23 decks)

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