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REVIEW > NEURO FINALS > Flashcards

NEURO FINALS Flashcards

1
Q

supplies blood to the medial portion

A

anterior cerebral artery

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2
Q

supplies blood the dorso lateral surface of the brain

A

middle cerebral artery

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3
Q

supplies blood to the base and occipital lobe of the brain

A

post cerebral artery

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4
Q

supplies blood to cerebellum

A

cerebellar artery

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5
Q

thick strong white fibrous tissue

A

dura matter

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6
Q

middle most, spongy delicate and non vascular tissue

A

arachnoid membrane

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7
Q

very vascular tissue lined with numerous blood vessels and capillaries

A

pia matter

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8
Q

serves as a protective cushion around the brain and spinal cord

A

cerebro spinal fluid

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9
Q

content of csf

A

glucose, protein and salt

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10
Q

where is csf extracted

A

lumbar area at subarachnoid space l3-l5

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11
Q

position during csf extraction

A

lateral recumbent

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12
Q

position after procedure

A

flat on bed no pillow. 6-8 hrs.

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13
Q

controls decision attitude and behavior

A

frontal lobe

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14
Q

control general sensation

A

parietal lobe

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15
Q

control hearing, smell and taste

A

temporal lobe

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16
Q

sensory relay station of the brain

A

thalamus

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17
Q

controls vital signs

A

hypothalamus

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18
Q

controls posture and reflexes

A

anterior lobe

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19
Q

muscle movement tone coordination

A

posterior lobe

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20
Q

supplies blood to the upper extremities and respiratory muscle

A

cervical nerves

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21
Q

supplies blood to lower extremities

A

lumbar nerves

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22
Q

supplies blood to internal organ and reproductive organ

A

sacral

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23
Q

thalamus to parietal stimulus

A

pain

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24
Q

pacinian corpuscle - thalamus - parietal

A

pressure

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25
Q

meissners corpuscle - thalamus - parietal

A

touch

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26
Q

end bulk of crouse - hypothalamus - parietal

A

cold

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27
Q

organ end of ruffini - hypothalamus parietal

A

heat

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28
Q

nerve fiber that carries impulses toward brain from skin surface

A

afferent

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29
Q

nerve fibers that carries impulses away from the brain for movement

A

efferent

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30
Q

assess the type of seizure disorder

A

electro encephalogram

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31
Q

detect neuromuscular disorder

A

electromyography

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32
Q

xray with contrast medium is used to visualize intra/extra cranial vessels

A

cerebral angiography

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33
Q

xray of spinal cord and vertebrae

A

myelography

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34
Q

oil based dye

A

pantopaque

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35
Q

water based dye

A

metrizamide

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36
Q

water based dye

A

metrizamide

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37
Q

hyper osmotic decrease ICP

A

mannitol

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38
Q

osmotic decrease ICP

A

furosemide

39
Q

antibodies destroy the acetylcholine receptors in the NMJ

A

myasthenia gravis

40
Q

antibodies destroys the myelin sheath of CNS

A

multiple sclerosis

41
Q

antibodies destroys the myelin sheath of PNS

A

gullain barre syndrome

42
Q

confirms the diagnosis of MG

A

acetylcholine receptor antibody test

43
Q

indicated when there is weakness of ocular, laryngeal, pharyngeal and facial muscles

A

endrophonium

44
Q

measures electrical potential of muscle cells

A

electromyography

45
Q

inhibits temporarily cholinesterase release thereby increases acetylcholine at myoneural junction

A

neostigmine bromide

46
Q

suppresses the immune response

A

corticosteroids

47
Q

under medication of anticholinesterase

A

myasthenic crisis

48
Q

over medication of anticholinesterase

A

cholinergic crisis

49
Q

pain resembling a sudden electric shock by flexing the neck

A

lhermitte’s sign

50
Q

muscle relaxant

A

baclofen

51
Q

relieve spasticity

A

diazepam

52
Q

degeneration of substantia nigra (dopamine)

A

parkinsons

53
Q

degeneration in the cells in the cerebral cortex (acetylcoline receptor)

A

alzheimers

54
Q

degeneration in cerebral cortex and basal ganglia

A

huntingtons

55
Q

degeneration of all motor neurons (glutamate)

A

ALS

56
Q

wandering, reduced ability to remember past events, orientation to time and place, bladder bowel incontinence

A

sundown syndrome

57
Q

violent jarring of the brain

A

concussion

58
Q

bruise effect

A

contusion

59
Q

arms abducted and toes pointed inward

A

decerebrate posture

60
Q

damaged cerebral cortex particularly the cortico spinal tract

A

decorticate

61
Q

increase systolic BP with widening pulse pressure, bradycardia and bradypnea

A

cushing’s triad

62
Q

severe damage to the brain causing release of interleukins

A

brain herniation

63
Q

vascular occlusion

A

ischemic

64
Q

extravasation of blood into the brain and subarachnoid space

A

hemorrhagic

65
Q

result in a weakness of vessel wall due to congenital defect

A

cerebral aneurysm

66
Q

affect the superior - anterior portion of circle of willis at the vessel junction

A

berry aneurysm

67
Q

result from the occlusion or intracranial or extracranial artery commonly associated with atherosclerosis

A

transient ischemic attack

68
Q

removal of inner arterial blood vessel

A

endarterectomy

69
Q

anastamosis of extracranial vessel to intracranial vessel

A

microvascular bypass

70
Q

unable to speak clearly due to weak muscle

A

dysarthria

71
Q

cant perform voluntary movements even though muscle function are normal

A

apraxia

72
Q

loss the ability to write

A

agraphia

73
Q

loss the ability to read

A

alexia

74
Q

doesnt understand sensation

A

agnosia

75
Q

limited vision in half

A

hemianopia

76
Q

seizure disorder characterized by sudden, transient aberration of brain function associated with motor, sensory, autonomic or psychic disturbances

A

epilepsy

77
Q

forceful involuntary muscular contraction and disturbance in consciousness from an abnormal electrical activity

A

seizure

78
Q

involuntary vigorous sustained muscle spasm

A

tonic

79
Q

intermittent muscle spasm

A

clonic

80
Q

involuntary jerking contraction of major muscles

A

myoclonic

81
Q

momentary loss of muscle movement

A

akinetic

82
Q

total loss of muscle tone, person may fall to the floor

A

atonic

83
Q

begins in upper extremities, spreading to face down to lower extremities

A

jacksonian type

84
Q

stimulates GABA receptor and helps inhibitory neurotransmission

A

barbiturates

85
Q

facial paralysis

A

bells palsy

86
Q

placement of a needle at the trigeminal nerve root

A

percutaneous radio frequency rhizotomy

87
Q

classification of spinal cord injury: c1- c8

A

quadriplegia

88
Q

classification of spinal cord injury: t1 - t3

A

loss of function in nipple line, all of trunk and lower extremities

89
Q

classification of spinal cord injury: t4 - t10

A

paraplegia

90
Q

classification of spinal cord injury: l3-s1

A

bladder incontinence

91
Q

classification of spinal cord injury: s2 - s4

A

inability to maintain erection

92
Q

positioning: cervical spine

A

head slightly elevated

93
Q

positioning: lumbar

A

generally flat

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