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Caroline Summer 25 2.0 > Neuro: Lecture 2 > Flashcards

Neuro: Lecture 2 Flashcards

(52 cards)

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1
Q

The basis of movement is provided by what?

A

Normal Postural tone

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2
Q

What does BEFAST stand for?

A

Balance- look for LOB/coordination

Eyes - vision changes

Face- ask them to smile

Arm- ask them to raise both arms

Speech - dysarthria/slurring

Time- 3 hour window to administer clot buster

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3
Q

What is normal postural tone?

A

Amount of tone sufficient to hold us upright against gravity

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4
Q

What are primitive reflexes?

A

Primitive reflexes provide the basis of movement patterns that progressively show more selective coordination and less stereotpying with time and maturation

aka the reflexes you have as a baby that should go away as you age

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5
Q

What are righting reactions?

A

Serve to provide orientation to the head and align body parts w/ gravity

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6
Q

What are protective extension reactions?

A

Allow us 1 line of defense against changes in our postural balance. Also called parachute reactions in UE and protective stepping in LE.

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7
Q

What are equilibrium reactions?

A

Extension of protective reactions they allow us to balance by adjusting the location of our CoG over our BoS

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8
Q

What are atypical synergies

A

Atypical movements related to altered biomechanical alighment due to tone or caused by neurological disorganization or motor neuron recruitment

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9
Q

What are tonic reflexes?

A

example: Assymetric tonic neck reflex

They should go away when you grow up but they might re-emerge with CNS damage

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10
Q

what are other long term motor impairments after a stroke?

A

impaired timing of muscular contractions

disturbed postural synergies (falling to the side when lifting one arm up)

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11
Q

Flexion synergies have Scapular ____________

A

Elevation and retraction

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12
Q

Flexion Synergies have shoulder _____________

A

abduction and external rotation

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13
Q

Flexion synergies have elbow ________ and forearm ______________

A

Flexion

Supination

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14
Q

Flexion synergies have Wrist ________ and finger ____________

A

flexion

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15
Q

Extension synergies have scapular ___________ and ____________

A

depression and protraction

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16
Q

Extension synergies have shoulder _________ and ___________ and ____________

A

Extension and adduction and internal rotation

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17
Q

Extension synergies have elbow ________ and forearm ___________

A

Elbow extension

Forearm pronation

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18
Q

Extension synergies have wrist ______ and finger ________

A

Extension

Flexion

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19
Q

What are the strongest components of UE synergies that you will see at rest (Resting UE synergies)

Scapula _____

Shoulder _______

Elbow _____

Forearm __________

Wrist/finger __________

A

Scapular depression/retraction

Shoulder extension, adduction, internal rotation

Elbow: flexion

Forearm : Pronation

Wrist/finger : Flexion

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20
Q

What is an associated reaction?

A

Example: arm comes up while coughing but you can’t lift it independently

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21
Q

In the flexion synergy you have pelvis _____ and _____

Study These Flashcards
A

Elevation and retraction

22
Q

In the flexion synergy you have hip ______ , ________ , __________

Study These Flashcards
A

Hip flexion, abduction, external rotation

23
Q

In the flexion synergy you have knee _____

24
Q

In the flexion synergy you have ankle ________ with foot __________

Study These Flashcards
A

Dorsiflexion

Inversion

25
In the extension synergy you have pelvic _______ and ____________
Depression and protraction
26
In the extension synergy you have hip _______ and __________ and __________
Extension and adduction and Internal rotation
27
In the extension synergy you have knee _______
extension
28
In the extension synergy you have ankle _______ with foot _____________
ankle plantarflexion with foot inversion
29
What are the strongest components of synergies (resting synergy) in the LE Pelvis: Hip: Knee: Ankle/foot:
Pelvis: Elevation and retraction Hip Flexion, adduction, internal rotation (note it is a mix of Flexion and extension synergies) Knee Extension ankle/foot : Plantarflexion and inversion
30
sensory impairments after stroke
hypo, hyper or dyesthesia (tactile fxn deficits) disorders of proprioception and kinesthesia balance may be disturbed from need of vestibular, visual, and proprioception disorders of movement secondary to sensory deficits (need sensory for motor planning!)
31
visual/perceptual impairments post stroke
- disorders of body image, R and L side no longer symmetrical and bilateral, making pre-planning movements hard - visual disorders, coordination issues, tracking issues - disorders of spatial thought
32
T/F: even the so-called "normal side" after stroke will experience deficits with motor control and purposeful movement
T think pusher syndrome
33
cognitive/communication impairments
impaired memory disorientation impaired judgement concentration span altered personality expressive aphasia receptive aphasia global aphasia
34
clock circle
"draw a clock and put hands at 10 till 11" tests visual spatial, neglect, dementias body fxn and structure
35
Double letter cancellation
cross out all the "E and Rs" can find neglect, hemianopsias, confused body function and structure IMPAIRMENT BASED OM
36
Fugl-Meyer Test
A structured physical exam that tests motor function, reflexes, coordination, and joint movement in stroke patients con: has pts change positions a lot IMPAIRMENT BASED OM
37
Line Bisection Test
draw a line in the middle of each line spatial awareness and visual neglect IMPAIRMENT BASED OM
38
Modified Ashworth Scale
clinician passively moves a limb and rates resistance felt on a 0–4 scale. muscle spasticity 0 - no increase in tone 4 - affected part is rigid in flexion or extension IMPAIRMENT BASED OM
39
National institutes of health stroke scale
quick bedside assessment scoring 11 items (e.g., level of consciousness, gaze, motor function, language) measures how bad the stroke is and prognosis no GAIT assesed IMPAIRMENT BASED OM
40
Orpington prognostic score
"quick and dirty prognosis" motor deficits, proprioception, balance, cognition IMPAIRMENT BASED OM
41
scale for the assessment and rating of ataxia (SARA)
A clinical scale rating 8 tasks (gait, speech, limb coordination, etc.) to evaluate ataxia severity IMPAIRMENT BASED OM
42
Stroke rehabilitation assessment of movement
measures impairment and activity levels can use total score, voluntary mvmt limb score, and or basic mobility score position change friendly IMPAIRMENT BASED OM
43
Tardieu Scale
spasticity for each muscle group, the reaction to stretch is scored at particular stretch velocity R1 = PROM till catch point R2 = full PROM IMPAIRMENT BASED OM
44
Activity and/or participation outcome measures
Action Reach Arm Test FIM/FAM PASS postural assessment scale stroke impact scale
45
Action Reach Arm Test
grasping, gripping, pinching, and gross arm movement using blocks, balls, and other items used in research
46
Functional Independence Measure (FIM/FAM)
items covering self-care, mobility, cognition, and communication measure functional independence
47
Postural Assessment Scale for Stroke Patients (PASS)
not person 1st measures a person’s ability to maintain and change postures
48
Stroke Impact Scale (SIS)
impact of stroke in life strength, memory, mood, communication/reading, ADL, mobility, use of hand, participation in work, social, life
49
Predictors of poor rehab outcome in stroke
dementia global aphasia previous stroke older age prolonged urinary and bowel incontinence severe visuospatial deficits persistent sensory deficits
50
with the exception of incontinence, what is not on the list of predictors of poor outcome prognosis
motor sequellea! Cognitive and sensory disturbances are much more devastating to someone's recovery and QOL than most movement disorders
51
general goals of rehabilitation
maximize functional independence return to the most optimal living environment feasible improve QOL don't forget caregivers!
52

Caroline Summer 25 2.0 (11 decks)

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