Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Neuro > Neuro Path > Flashcards

Neuro Path Flashcards

1
Q

Over- phosphorylated tau protein. Chromosome of genes responsible for early onset?

A

ALZ - APP gene (21) and presenilin (14)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Dementia, aphasia and parkinsonian aspects with spherical tau. Affects what brain areas?

A

Pick’s Disease - Frontal and Temporal Lobes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

alpha-synuclein. Presents with dementia, hallucination and what?

A

Parkinsonism (earlier onset than PD)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Worsening dementia and myoclonus starting 2 months prior. Abnormal Protein gives CTX what appearance?

A

CJD - PrPsc (Beta-pleated sheet)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Affects MLF among other places. HLA?

A

MS; DR2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

25 y/o woman with replasing incontinence, scanning speech and nystagmus. LP finds this protein.

A

MS; IgG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Periventricular plaques and oligodendrocyte loss and reactive gliosis. Treat with?

A

MS; IFN-B

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Inflammation and demyelination or peripheral nerves. Associated with what infections?

A

Guillain-Barre; Campylobactor and CMV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Demylinated seen in AIDs pts. Another virus in the family affects what organ?

A

Progressive multifocal leukpencephalopathy fom JC Virus - Pylomavirus family.- BK virus - kidney

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Multifocal perivenular inflammation and demylination after infection - from what vaccinations?

A

Rabies or smallpox

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Multifocal perivenular inflammation and demylination after infection - from what infections?

A

Measles or VZV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

AR disease that Impairs production of myelin sheath. Malfunctioning enzyme?

A

Metachromic leukodystrophy; arylsulfatase A deficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

AR disease. Buildup of galactocerebroside destroys this neural component

A

Krabbe’s. Myelin Sheath

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Seizure - 3Hz

A

Absence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Seizure - mistaken for fainting

A

Atonic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Tx for male pt with headache with periorbital pain with lacrimation and rhinnorrhea

A

Cluster headaches., O2 and Sumatriptan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Bilateral headache lasting 4-6 hours with no photophobia

A

Tension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Worst headache of my life - LP finding?

A

subarachnoid hemorrhage; Xanthocrhomic (yellow) findings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Worst headache of my life - associated genetic conditions (3)

A

subarachnoid hemorrhage, Marfans, Ehlers-Danlos, ADPKD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Worst headache of my life, risk 2-3 days later?

A

subarachnoid hemorrhage, vasospasm (ischemia)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Rupture of Charcot-Bouchard aneurysm leads to hemorrhage here?

A

Intreaparenchymal hemorrhage, Basal Ganglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Hemorrhage associated with CNIII palsy. Can cross falx.

23
Q

Stroke with cystic cavity with reactive gliosis caused by what?

A

Atherosclerosis

24
Q

PD exam finding pathology that results from decreased CSF absorption

A

Communicating hydrocephalus, papilledema

25
Wet, Wobbly, and Wacky - due to stretching of?
Normal pressure hydrocephalus; increased CSF leads to stretching of corona radiata and dilated ventricles
26
SC disease where only motor affected. MoA of Tx?
ALS - Riluzole - decreases glutamate
27
SC injury- spares DCs and Tract of Lissaeur
ASA occlusion
28
Pt with absense of DTRs, positive romberg and eyes that don't respond to light. SC Tracts affected?
tertiary syphilus. DCs and roots
29
Vit B12 defieicy - SC syptoms?
decreased position sense and touch (demylination of DCs) and pain and temperature (spinocerebellar tracts)
30
Disease that kills LMNs. Caused by a virus that replicates where in body? and cell?
Polio; Oropharynx and small intestine. Cytoplasm
31
Floppy baby, hypotonia and tongue faciculations. Genetics? Mech?
Werdnig-hoffman. AR. Continual death of ventral horn cells after birth.
32
Staggering gait and falling with pes cavus and hammer toes. Genetics encodes protein that affects?
Friedreich's ataxia. Frataxin - mito function
33
Staggering gait and falling with pes cavus and hammer toes. Cause of death?
Friedreich's ataxia. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
34
Ptosis, no sweating and pinpoint pupils. Which ganglion affected?
Horner's. Stellate (T1 level) or Superior cervical.
35
Paralysis of vertical gaze, can be caused by what tumor?
Parinaud syndrome - lesion in superior colliculi. Pinealoma.
36
Nuclus that controls taste and baroreceptor funtion?
solitarious
37
Nuclus that controls swallowing?
ambiguus
38
occlusion of unilateral MCA. Part of face affected?
Contralateral paralysis of lower face. (upper face has bilateral innvervation)
39
Facial paralysis with inability to close eye. Caused by these 3 microbes?
Bell's palsy. Borreglia, AIDS, HSV
40
Mastication muscles?
Masseter, temoporalis, medial pterygoid.
41
Inflammation of uveal coat associated with this microbe and this HLA?
Uveitis. TB and HLA-B27
42
Sudden Painless monocular vision loss? PD finding?
Central retinal artery occlusion, Cherry red spot
43
Rock hard eye. Do not give?
Closed angle glaucoma. Don't give Epi (don't want mydiasis)
44
Marcus Gunn pupil after swinging flashlight test. Defect
One eye constricts less than the other. From optic nerve damage or retinal detatchment.
45
Wet Macular degeneration. Tx?
Loss of vision due to bleeding from neovascularization. Tx: Anti-VEGF
46
Damage to myers loop. Defect?
Superior Contralateral quadrantopia.
47
Vertigo from Nystagmus. Lesion?
Central vertigo. Vestibular Nuclei
48
Ipsilateral leptomenigeal angiomas, and large birthmark on face. Commonly will have what other tumor?
Sturge Weber syndrome. Pheochromocytomas
49
Tuberous Sclerosis sx?
``` HAMARTOMAS Hamartomas in CNS/skin Adenoma sebaceum Mitral Regurg Ash-leaf spots cardiac Rhabdomyoma Tuberous sclerosis Autosomal dOminent Mental retardation renal Angiomyolipoma Seizures ```
50
multiple dark spots with firm nodules on skin. Chromosome?
NF1. 17
51
VHL - findings?
VHL. Hemangiomas, Renal cell carcinoma, pheochromocytomas, hemangioblastmoa. Chromosome?
52
Presents with sudden, wild movements of an arm. Usual cause?
Hemiballismus. lacunar stroke.
53
Pt with decreased wakefulness. Lesion in what area of brain?
midbrain (reticular activating system)
54
Pt with lower body hemorrhage. Sx due to low brain perfusion?
upper leg/arm weakness and defects in visual processing

Neuro (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions