Neuro Practical #2 Flashcards
1
Q
1?
A
Vermis
2
Q
8?
A
Flocules
3
Q
6?
A
Nodule
4
Q
11?
A
Tonsil
5
Q
5?
A
Flocule
6
Q
8?
A
Nodule
7
Q
9?
A
Uvula
8
Q
15?
A
Primary fissure
9
Q
3!
A
Anterior Lobe
10
Q
9?
A
Posterior Lobe
11
Q
Red area?
A
Hemisphere/Lateral Zones
Best seen from rostral/caudal views
12
Q
4’? (not #4)
A
Inferior peduncle
seen on inferior aspec best
13
Q
4?
A
middle puduncle
14
Q
Identify, Level?
A
Inferior puduncle at level of intermediate medulla
15
Q
Identify, Level?
A
Inferior Peduncle at level of rostral medulla
16
Q
Identify, Level?
A
Middle Peduncle at level of Pons and deep cerebellar nuclei
17
Q
Identify, Level?
A
Superior peduncles (and decussation) at level of rostral Pons
18
Q
2?
A
Superior peduncle
19
Q
7?
A
Inferior Peduncle
20
Q
4?
A
Superior Peduncle
21
Q
5?
A
Middle Peduncle
22
Q
Identify, Level?
A
Superior peduncle (and decussation) at level of caudal midbrain
23
Q
Identify, Level?
A
Fastigial nucleus at level of Pons and deep cerebellar nuclei
24
Q
Identify
A
Superior Peduncle
25
Identify, Level?
**Interposed nuclei** at level of Pons and deep cerebellar nuclei
26
Identify, Level
**Dentate nuclei** at level of Pons and deep cerebellar nuclei
27
Identify, Level?
* *Cortico-Ponto-cerebellar fibers** (not sure if cortico portion is really shown, but they would be afferents from cortex) at level of Pons
- fibers that run within the middle cerebellar peduncles, from the pons to the cerebellum.
28
Identify, Level?
* *Medullary Velum** (anterior superior portin shown) at level of Pons
- thin lamina of white matter between the two superior cerebellar peduncles
29
Identify
Olfactory bulb/tract
30
Identify
**Optic Nerve**
-SSA
-subserves vision and plr (afferent limb)
-enters via optic canal of sphenoid bone
-axons continue via optic chiasm and optic tract to lgn a thalamic relay nuc that proj to visual ctx area 17 of ox lobe
CLINICAL: transever--\>ipsis blindness and loss of plr
31
Identify
Optic Tract
32
Identify, Level?
**Optic tract** at the level of the midbrain-diencephalic juncture
33
Identify
Optic chiasm
34
Identify
**Oculomotor nerve**
-Enters: Sup Orbital Fissure
-Exits:ip fossa mb passes through Cavernous Sinus
-GSE-moves eye, constricts pupil,accomodates, converges
-Supplies MR-adducs
SR-Elevates
IR-Dep
IO-Elev extorts
LP-elevates upper eyeluid
GVE-
-pregang ps fibers
-EWNU-proj to cg of orbit via CN3
-cil ganglion-proj ps fiers to sphincter of iris (miosis) and ciliary muscle (accomodation)
Clinical: transtentorial herniation--\>diplopia
-Interruption ps--\>dilated and fixed pupil and paralysis of accomodation
-DN LP--\>ptosis (droop doggy dog)
-DN EO--\> eye look down and out
35
Identify
**Trochlear Nerve**
-Enters through SOF
-Passes through CS
-GSE
-innervates SO--\>depress,intorts, and abducts
CLINICAL:
Paralysis
-extorsion of eye weak down gaze
-vert diplopia that inc when looking down
-Head tilt to compensate
36
**Trigeminal Nerve**
-3 div V1,2,3
-Exits from pons
-GSA-sensory innerve to face
-SVE-innerve muscle of mastication,tensor tymp
CLINICAL:
-Loss face sense
-Loss corneal reflex
-Flaccid paralysis of muscle of mastication
-Jaw Dev to weakside
-Paralysis of TT--\>hyperacusis
37
* *Abducens nerve**
- GSE
- Abducts eye
- CLINICAL
- Convergent strabismus
- cant abduct
- Horiz Diplopia
38
* *Facial nerve**
- Enters Internal Auditory Meatus
- GSA-INNERVE PST SURFACE INNER EAR
- SVA-Innervates taste budscant 2/3 (CT)
- GVA-Soft Palate
- GVE-P TO LACRIMAL, SUBMANDIB,SUBLINGUAL
- SVE-muscles of facial expression
- CLINICAL
- Flaccid paralysis
- Loss corneal blink
- Hyperacusis
- Bells Palsy-LMN all face muscle messed up
- Central Face Palsy-umn-Upper face
- Croc tears
39
**Vestibulocochlear nerve**
-SSA
-Vestibular
maintains balance and mediates hearing
CLINICAL
Disequilibrium,vertigo, and nystagmus
Cochlear
Audition-for american idol?
Clinical
-hearing loss, tinnitus
40
**Glossopharyngeal nerve**
GSA-INNERVE EXTERNAL EAR AND EAM
GVA-innerve pharynx, caro sinus, and caro body
SVA-tast buds post 3rd
SVE-stylopharyngeus arises from nuc ambigus duo
GVE-PS TO PAROTID
CLINICAL
lose gag (pharyngeal reflex)
Los caro reflex
Loss tast post 2/3
Gloss neuralgia
41
**Vagus nerve**
GSA-it dura,post surface ear,eam,tymp membrane
GVA-mm of pharynx,larynx,esoph,trachea, and thorax ab viscera..swallonging
SVA-taste buds in epiglottis
SVE-pharyng arch muscle of larynx pharynx striated muscle of upper esoph, uvula, lvp and paltoglossal
- efferent limb of gag
-arises from nuc ambig
GVE-Viscera of nec and thor and ab cavities as far as left colic flexure
-pregang ps in NA duo
CLINICAL
Ipsi paralysis of sp,dysphonia (hoarse, dyspnea,dysarthria,dysphagia
-lose gag reflex-moves to opp side lesion
anesth pharynx larynx lead to loss of cough
42
**Spinal Accessory Nerve**
SVE
-MEDIATES HEAD AND SHOULDER MOVEMENT
Clinical cant move to side opp lesion
-arises from NUC AMBIGUUS
CLINICAL:
-Cant turn to side opp lesion
-Droopy shoulder
43
**Hypoglossal nerve**
GSE-Tongue movement
CLINICAL
-Hemiparalysis of tongue muscle -goes to side of lesion
44
Area in anterior portion of highlighted area?
(no precise picture found)
Piriform cortex
\*\*\*parahippocampal gyrus is highlighted
45
**Area 17** (V1)
46
**Area 18** (V2)
47
#3?
Tectum
48
Thalamus
49
Yellow portion?
Insula
50
**Area 3,1,2** (postcentral gyrus)
51
#16?
Facial colliculus
52
#13?
Vagal trigone
53
#14?
Hypoglossal trigone
54
Area in median section to #10?
**Obex**: where the 4th ventricles meet
55
Anterior commissure
Putamen is large structure directly above
56
Blue structure?
Anterior commissure
\*pink structure is the fornix
57
Name the structure that could be pinned directly superior to the optic chiasm that lies between the caudate heads
Anterior commisure
58
Identify and level?
LGN at midbrain-diencephalic juncture
59
Identify
LGN
\*\*\*lateral geniculate body is a structure that can be seen externally on our models, however, it is not on the list
60
Identify
MGN
\*\*\*Medial geniculate body is an external structure that can be seen on the models, however, it is not on the list
61
Identify
MGN
62
Tan area?
Occulomotor nucleus
63
Identify and level?
Occulomotor nucleus at midbrain at level of superior colliculus
64
Identify tan area
Trochlear nucleus
\*\*\*I uploaded this before I realized it is not on the list, but still shows a good association
65
Identify
MLF
66
MLF at intermediate medulla
67
MLF at rostral medulla
68
* *MLF**: Medial Longitudinal Fasciculus at Pons
- Located in a dorsomedial position within the medulla and pons;
- consists of both ascending and descending axons arising from vestibular nuclei.
- Ascending axons project to nuclei of CN VI, CN IV, and CN III, while descending axons project to the cervical cord.
69
MLF at Pons-medulla junction
70
MLF at midbrain (level of inferior colliculus)
71
MLF at midbrain (level of superior colliculus)
72
MLF
73
nucleus of E-W
74
nucleus of E-W
75
nucleus of E-W at midbrain
76
nucleus of E-W
77
**Edinger Westphal Nucleus**
-GVE
-Group of preganglionic para-sympathetic neurons whose axons form the parasympathetic component of CN III.
-use ach as nt
Clinical: Argyle Roberstons Pupil
In syphilitic patients with CNS complications (tabes dorsalis or neurosyphilis), the pupils do not contract in response to light, but they do exhibit constriction as a component of the accommodation reflex
78
