Neuro Rehab

Question 1

Intrinsic feedback

Answer 1

Feedback comes to the person through sensory systems as a result of the movement including visual, vestibular, proprioceptive and somatosensory inputs

Question 2

Extrinsic feedback

Answer 2

Represents info that can be provided while a task or movement is in progress or subsequent to the movement, typically verbal feedback or manual contacts

Question 3

Knowledge of results

Answer 3

Terminal feedback regarding the outcome of a movement that has been performed in relation to the movements goals

Question 4

Knowledge of performance

Answer 4

Relates to actual movement pattern that someone used to achieve their goal of movement

Question 5

Massed practice

Answer 5

Practice time in trial is greater than amount of rest between trials

Question 6

Distributed practice

Answer 6

Amount of rest time between trials is equal to or greater than practice time for each trial

Question 7

Constant practice

Answer 7

Practice of a given task under a uniform condition

Question 8

Variable practice

Answer 8

Practice of a given task under differing conditions

Question 9

Random practice

Answer 9

Varying practice amongst different tasks

Question 10

Blocked practice

Answer 10

Consistent practice of a single task

Question 11

Whole training

Answer 11

Practice of an entire task

Question 12

Part training

Answer 12

Practice of an individual component or selected components of a task

Question 13

Closed system model

Answer 13

Transfer of information that incorporates multiple feedback loops and larger distribution of control. Nervous system is an active participant with the ability to enable initiation of movement as opposed to solely reacting to stimuli

Question 14

Compensation

Answer 14

Ability to utilize alternate motor and sensory strategies due to an impairment that limits the normal completion of a task

Question 15

Habituation

Answer 15

Decrease in response that will occur as a result of consistent exposure to non painful stimuli

Question 16

Learning

Answer 16

Process of acquiring knowledge about the world that leads to a relatively permanent change in a persons capability to perform a skill

Question 17

Non associative learning

Answer 17

Single repeated stimulus (habituation, sensitization)

Question 18

Associative learning

Answer 18

Gaining understanding of the relationship between two stimuli, causal relationships or stimulus and consequence (classical conditioning, operant conditioning)

Question 19

Procedural learning

Answer 19

Learning tasks that can be performed without attention or concentration to the task; a task is learned by forming movement habits

Question 20

Declarative learning

Answer 20

requires attention, awareness, and reflection in order to attain knowledge that can be consciously recalled (mental practice)

Question 21

Motor learning

Answer 21

Ability to perform a movement as a result of internal processes that interact with the environment and produce a consistent strategy to generate the correct movement

Question 22

Motor program

Answer 22

Concept of a central motor pattern that can be activated by sensory stimuli or central processes. Contain the rules for creating spatial and temporal patterns of motor activity needed to carry out a given motor task

Question 23

Open system model

Answer 23

Characterized by a single transfer of information without any feedback loop. Nervous system is awaiting stimuli in order to react

Question 24

Performance

Answer 24

Temporary change in motor behavior seen during a particular session of practice that is a result of many variables. However only one variable is focusing in the act of learning. Not an absolute measure of learning since there are multiple variables that potentially affect performance

Question 25

Plasticity

Answer 25

Ability to modify or change at the synapse level either temporarily or permanently in order to perform a particular function

Question 26

Postural control

Answer 26

Ability of motor and sensory systems to stabilize position and control movement

Question 27

Recovery

Answer 27

Ability to utilize previous strategies to return to same level of functioning

Question 28

Sensitization

Answer 28

Increase in response that will occur as a result of noxious stimuli

Question 29

Strategy

Answer 29

Plan used to produce a specific result or outcome that will influence the structure or system

Question 30

Associated reaction

Answer 30

An involuntary and automatic movement of a body part as a result of an intentional active or resistive movement in another body part

Question 31

Homolateral synkinesis

Answer 31

Flexion pattern of the involved upper extremity facilitates flexion of the involved lower extremity

Question 32

Limb synergies

Answer 32

A group of muscles that produce a predictable pattern of movement in flexion or extension patterns

Question 33

Raimistes phenomenon

Answer 33

Involved lower extremity will abduct or adduct with applied resistance to the uninvolved lower extremity in the same direction

Question 34

Souques phenomenon

Answer 34

Raising involved upper extremity above 100 degrees with elbow extension will produce extension and abduction of the fingers

Question 35

Body weight supported treadmill training prescription for incomplete SCI

Answer 35

Frequency: 4d/wk, moderate duration 20-30 min, for 8-12 weeks