Neuro Rehab I Lecture 1 - Neuro Overview Flashcards
(72 cards)
capgras delusion
recurrent belief that a person has been replaced by an imposter; reported with lesions in the right hemisphere
stiffperson syndrome
diffuse stiffness without weakness or numbness; autoimmune syndrome
prosopagnosia
inability to recognize faces of familiar people; usually right hemispheric lesions
History & Neuro Exam –> ??? –> Localize lesion & formulate syndrome –> ??? + ??? + ??? —> diagnosis
History & Neuro Exam –> Interpretation of symptoms and signs –> Localize lesion & formulate syndrome –> Anatomic diagnosis + mode of onset and course + appropriate lab tests —> diagnosis
______ ________ is essential to diagnosis
good history
HPI stands for
History of Present Illness
Name some common neurologic complaints. Try for 3.
- Disordered mentation, attention, memory, behavior
- Language and communication disturbances
- Excessive daytime sleepiness, insomnia, fatigue
- Visual disturbances (vision loss, diplopia)
- Weakness, numbness, other sensory alterations, balance problems
- Sphincter disturbances (urinary or fecal incontinence, inability to void)
- Erectile or ejaculatory dysfunction
- Sudden (paroxysmal) behavioral changes (seizures, loss of consciousness)
Weakness can mean? (4)
-fatigue
-imbalance
-apathy
-pain
(there’s more)
7 parts of a Neurologic Exam
I. Mental Status & Language
II. Cranial Nerves
III. Motor
IV. Sensation
V. Reflexes
VI. Coordination
VII. Gait
Mental Status deals with:
-levels of consciousness
-orientation
-memory
-judgement
-abstraction
-praxis
-components of language
4 levels of consciousness
Alert; Lethargy; Stupor; Coma
alert definition
awake and interactive
lethargy definition
Appears asleep, but may be aroused with stimulation to interact with environment
stupor definition
Arouses briefly to vigorous stimuli, but not to the point of being interactive
coma definition
Unresponsive to external stimuli
dysarthria is (2)
slurred speech
motor disorder affecting the muscles of articulation
aphasia is
impairment of language production or comprehension
Name some components of language
-spontaneous speech
-naming
-comprehension
-repetition
-reading
-writing
dyguesia means
altered taste
Common pathologies of CN I
Symptomatic: post-viral, head trauma
Usually asymptomatic: Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s
CN III innervates what muscles?
Levators of the eyelid,
superior rectus (SR),
inferior rectus (IR),
medial rectus (MR),
inferior oblique (IO) muscles of the eye,
pupillary constrictors (parasympathetic)
CN IV innervates
superior oblique (SO) muscle
CN VI innervates
lateral rectus (LR) muscle
CN V exam (3 things)
Corneal reflex, strength of jaw, facial
sensation