Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

BIOL2052 - Neuroscience (1) > Neuroanatomy > Flashcards

Neuroanatomy Flashcards

(78 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What is in the peripheral nervous system?

A

Cranial nerves, spinal nerves, ganglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is in the central nervous system?

A

Brain, spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What do dendrites do?

A

Collect electrical signals and carry input to neurone cell body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does the soma of a neurone do?

A

Integrate signals and generate an action potential

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does an axon do?

A

Transmit signal over long distances

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What type of nervous system do hydras and jellyfish have?

A

Nerve nets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is a nerve net?

A

Individual nerve cells scattered in layers, contacting each other

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the properties of nerve nets?

A

Two-way signals, allow for reflexes, carry sensory information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What type of nervous system does a starfish have?

A

Central nerve ring and radial nerves with nerve nets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is cephalisation?

A

Emergence of primitive brains by neurones clustering into ganglia at the head end

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What does bilateral symmetry allow an invertebrate to have?

A

Central nervous system with ganglia and two nerve cords

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What type of nervous system do flatworms have?

A

Nerve cords

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What invertebrates have a CNS and PNS?

A

Cephalopods (squids, octopi)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is unusual about cephalopod neurones?

A

Large unmyelinated axons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What structures are contained in the forebrain?

A

Cerebrum, optic structures, olfactory lobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the brainstem made up of?

A

Pons, medulla, cerebellum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are sulci?

A

Infoldings between gyri on the brain surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the prosencephalon?

A

Forebrain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the telencephalon?

A

Cerebrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the diencephalon?

A

Thalamus and hypothalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Where are the telencephalon and diencephalon located?

A

Prosencephalon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the mesencephalon?

A

Midbrain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the rhombencephalon?

A

Hindbrain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the myelencephalon?

A

Medulla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What is the metencephalon?
Pons and cerebellum
26
Where are the myelencephalon and metencephalon located?
Rhombencephalon
27
What are the functional areas of cerebrum?
Motor, sensory, vision, auditory
28
Which lobes are located in the cerebrum?
Frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal
29
What is in the frontal lobe?
Primary motor and premotor regions
30
What is in the parietal lobe?
Primary somatosensory and somatosensory association areas
31
What is in the occipital lobe?
Primary visual and visual association areas
32
What is in the temporal lobe?
Primary auditory and auditory association areas
33
What is grey matter?
Neuronal cell bodies
34
What is white matter?
Myelinated axons connecting areas of grey matter
35
Which plane cuts front/back of the brain?
Coronal
36
Which plane cuts left/right of the brain?
Sagittal
37
Which plane cuts top/bottom of the brain?
Horizontal / axial
38
Which direction is superior?
Top of body
39
Which direction is inferior?
Bottom of body
40
Which direction is anterior?
Front of body
41
Which direction is posterior?
Back of body
42
Which direction is rostral?
Front of head
43
Which direction is caudal?
End of tail
44
Which direction is dorsal?
Towards the spine
45
Which direction is ventral?
Towards the organs
46
What are the three layers of meninges?
Dura, arachnoid, pia
47
Which meninge layer is strongest and in contact with bone?
Dura
48
Which meninge layer is close to dura and web-like in appearance?
Arachnoid
49
Which meninge layer is the deepest, in contact with CNS tissue?
Pia
50
Where is cerebrospinal fluid found?
Subarachnoid space, between arachnoid and pia
51
What does the choroid plexus produce?
Cerebrospinal fluid
52
Where does afferent input into the neocortex come from?
Ascending information from forebrain, between hemispheres, ipsilateral cortex
53
What is the corpus callosum?
Largest bundle of white matter travelling between hemispheres
54
Which cells transmit the excitatory neocortex output?
Pyramidal cells
55
What does the brainstem do?
Connect spinal cord to cerebrum and cerebellum
56
Where are the majority of cranial nerve nuclei found?
Brainstem
57
Which reflex centres are found in the brainstem?
Respiration, heart rate, blood pressure, consciousness
58
What is the cerebellum responsible for?
Refining movement, upright posture, muscle tone, balance
59
How does the cerebellum modify movement?
Comparing sensory and pre-motor information
60
Where does cerebellar input come from?
Spinal cord, cerebellar cortex, vestibular system, neocortex motor systems
61
Where does cerebellar output go?
Vestibular systems, brainstem, muscle spindles, motor and pre-motor cortices
62
How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?
31
63
What are the different subdivisions of the spinal cord?
Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccygeal
64
What are the cervical nerves?
C1 - C8
65
What are the thoracic nerves?
T1 - T12
66
What are the lumbar nerves?
L1 - L5
67
What are the sacral nerves?
S1 - S5
68
What are the coccygeal nerves?
Co
69
Which spinal neurones contain a dorsal root?
Afferent - sensory
70
Which spinal neurones contain a ventral root?
Efferent - motor
71
What are the features of reflexes?
No cortical thought, rapid, automatic, involuntary
72
What is the reflex arc?
Receptor, sensory neurone, integration centre, motor neurone, effector
73
What are polysynaptic reflexes?
Multiple synapses, more than one muscle group controlled
74
What is the autonomic nervous system responsible for?
Maintenance of homeostasis
75
What is innervated by the autonomic nervous system?
Smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, glands
76
What is the parasympathetic system?
Craniosacral, fight/flight
77
What is the sympathetic system?
Thoracolumbar, rest/digest
78
What does the enteric system control?
Gastrointestinal function

BIOL2052 - Neuroscience (1) (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions