Neuroanatomy

Question 0

Midline (vermis) of cerebellum

Answer 0

Proximal coordination

Question 1

3 areas of brainstem

Answer 1

Pons
Midbrain
Medulla

Question 2

Lateral hemispheres of cerebellum

Answer 2

Distal coordination

Question 3

Where does the spinal cord end at?

Answer 3

L1-L2 conus medullaris

Question 4

Where is the cauda equina

Answer 4

L2-L5

Question 5

What would through the subdural space if there is a torn bridging vein in the dura mater

Answer 5

Venous return blood

Question 6

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)direction of flow in 
ventricular system

Answer 6

Lateral ventricles (2) 
Threw Interventricular foramen of
Monro (2) 
 Into Third ventricle (1) 
▪threw Cerebral aqueduct (1) 
Into Fourth ventricle (1) 
▪threw 3 foramen 
 Into Subarachnoid space (SAS)

Question 7

What is the name of the primary efferent track in the SC?

Answer 7

Lateral cortical spinal tract

Question 8

What cells in the CNS give rise to this efferent track?

Answer 8

Pyramidal

Question 9

Thalamus Infarcts usually affect Only…

Answer 9

Pain and touch

Question 10

Neural aspects of force production reflect…

Answer 10

Number of motor units
Type of units recruited
Discharge frequency

Question 11

What Results from lesion w/in descending motor pathways which interferes with central excitatory drive to motor units

Answer 11

Paresis

Question 12

dyskinesia define

Answer 12

Involuntary movement

Question 13

Anosognosia define

Answer 13

denial of presence/severity of one’s paralysis (non dominant parietal lobe)

Question 14

What artery supplies blood to the mid brain?

Answer 14

Posterior cerebral artery

Question 15

Broca’s area is in which lobe

Answer 15

Frontal lobe

Question 16

What is Broca’s area responsible for?

Answer 16

Planning movement of mouth during speech and grammatical aspects of language

Question 17

What lobe of the brain is responsible for proprioception .

Answer 17

Parietal lobe

Question 18

What lobe of the brain is responsible for retrieving memories?

Answer 18

Temporal lobe

Question 19

What lobe is responsible for hearing?

Answer 19

Temporal lobe

Question 20

Where is wernickes area located

Answer 20

Temporal lobe

Question 21

Define prosopagnosia

Answer 21

Inability to recognize the faces of familiar people, typically as a result of damage to temporal lobe (infrotemporal cortex)

Question 22

What connects Broca’s and wernickes areas?

Answer 22

Arcuate fasciculus

Question 23

Which has longer axons pyramidal or non pyramidal?

Answer 23

Pyramidal

Non pyramidal dont travel as far

Question 24

What are the 3 sub cortical structures

Answer 24

Limbic system Hippocampus Thalamus

Question 25

What is the cortical gray matter made up of?

Answer 25

Cell bodies

Question 26

What part of the brain is responsible for homeostasis?

Answer 26

Hypothalamus

Question 27

What part of the brain is responsible for motor control?

Answer 27

Basal ganglia

Question 28

What part of the brain is responsible for sensory, motor, and consciousness?

Answer 28

Thalamus

Question 29

What part of the brain is responsible for motor learning?

Answer 29

Cerebellum

Question 30

Dysdiadochokinesia define

Answer 30

Inability to perform rapid alternating movements

Question 31

Dysmetria define

Answer 31

Lack of coordination of movement seem with under shooting over overshooting position

Question 32

Nystagmus define

Answer 32

Rapid involuntary movements of the eyes

Question 33

If there blood in CSF what is that indicative up

Answer 33

Aneurysm rupture

Question 34

Apraxia define

Answer 34

Inability to execute learned purposeful movement | But have the desire to and physically can

Question 35

Pt presents with confusion between left and right, cant name fingers, and writing difficulty although motor and sensory functions of hands normal. Most likely diagnosis

Answer 35

Lesion in left angular gyrus

Question 36

What is angular gyrus responsible for?

Answer 36

Spatial cognition

Question 37

What is the primary afferent tracts?

Answer 37

``` Anterior spinothalamic (pain, temp, crude touch) Dorsal column/medial lemniscus (dull touch, proprioception) ```

Question 38

Athetoid and chorea is seen with what basal ganglia pathology?

Answer 38

Hunting tons

Question 39

Define dystonia

Answer 39

Sustained contraction

Question 40

Rigidity define

Answer 40

Increased muscle tone

Question 41

Impairments to what present with movement trajectories that are uneven and not bell shaped

Answer 41

Motor cortex, cerebellum, and basal ganglia

Question 42

Dysmeteria is seen in patients with problems where

Answer 42

Cerebellar and basal ganglia

Question 43

Choreiform movements result from lesions to what

Answer 43

Basal ganglia

Question 44

Describe athetoid movements

Answer 44

Slow, involuntary writhing and twisting, usually UE>LE, neck, and tongue

Question 45

Weakness is seen with damage to what four areas

Answer 45

Primary motor cortex Cortical spinal tract Alpha motor neurons Muscle

Question 46

Weakness from disuse is seen with damage to where?

Answer 46

Premotor region Supplemental motor region Basal ganglia Cerebellum